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SpringBoot | 实现邮件发送

news 2025/7/28 0:09:08

运行环境：

IntelliJ IDEA 2022.2.5 (Ultimate Edition) (注意：idea必须在2021版本以上）
JDK17

项目目录：

该项目分为pojo,service,controller,utils四个部分，

在pojo层里面写实体内容（发邮件需要的发件人邮箱，授权码，服务器域名，身份验证开关），

service层里面写send方法，

utils里面写发送邮件实现的工具类，

controller层里面调用service里面的方法测试send方法。

在resource里面的application.yml写相关的发邮件参数（user，code，host，auth）

前提：

该项目涉及到了邮件的发送，所以需要邮箱的授权码

怎么获取授权码？

在账号与安全 --安全设置--SMTP/IMAP服务中开启服务并获取授权码

代码：

pojo层：

package com.xu.springbootconfigfile.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "email")
public class EmailProperties {//@Value("${email.user}")//发件人邮箱public String user ;//@Value("${email.code}")//发件人邮箱授权码public String code ;//@Value("${email.host}")//发件人邮箱对应的服务器域名,如果是163邮箱:smtp.163.com   qq邮箱: smtp.qq.compublic String host ;//@Value("${email.auth}")//身份验证开关private boolean auth ;public String getHost() {return host;}public void setHost(String host) {this.host = host;}public boolean isAuth() {return auth;}public void setAuth(boolean auth) {this.auth = auth;}public String getUser() {return user;}public void setUser(String user) {this.user = user;}public String getCode() {return code;}public void setCode(String code) {this.code = code;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "EmailProperties{" +"host='" + host + '\'' +", auth=" + auth +", user='" + user + '\'' +", code='" + code + '\'' +'}';}
}

service层：

package com.xu.springbootconfigfile.service;
public interface EmailService {boolean send(String to,String title,String content);}

package com.xu.springbootconfigfile.service.impl;
import com.xu.springbootconfigfile.pojo.EmailProperties;
import com.xu.springbootconfigfile.service.EmailService;
import com.xu.springbootconfigfile.utils.MailUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class EmailServiceImpl  implements EmailService {//注入email配置信息实体类@Autowiredprivate EmailProperties emailProperties;/*** @param to 收件人邮箱* @param title 邮件标题* @param content 邮件正文* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean send(String to, String title, String content) {//打印email配置信息System.out.println(emailProperties);//发送邮件boolean flag = MailUtil.sendMail(emailProperties,to, title, content);return flag;}
}

controller层：

package com.xu.springbootconfigfile.controller;
import com.xu.springbootconfigfile.service.EmailService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class EmailController {//注入email配置信息实体类@Autowiredprivate EmailService emailService;//测试方法@RequestMapping("/send")public Boolean send(){//收件人信箱String to = "邮箱号";//邮件标题String title = "test";//邮件正文String content  = "哈哈哈哈哈哈哈";//发送邮件boolean flag = emailService.send(to,title,content);return flag;}}

utils层：

package com.xu.springbootconfigfile.utils;
import com.xu.springbootconfigfile.pojo.EmailProperties;
import jakarta.mail.*;
import jakarta.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;public class MailUtil {/*** 发送邮件* @param emailProperties 发件人信息(发件人邮箱,发件人授权码)及邮件服务器信息(邮件服务器域名,身份验证开关)* @param to 收件人邮箱* @param title 邮件标题* @param content 邮件正文* @return*/public static boolean sendMail(EmailProperties emailProperties, String to, String title, String content){MimeMessage message = null;try {Properties properties = new Properties();properties.put("mail.smtp.host", emailProperties.getHost());properties.put("mail.smtp.auth",emailProperties.isAuth());properties.put("mail.user", emailProperties.getUser());properties.put("mail.password", emailProperties.getCode());// 构建授权信息，用于进行SMTP进行身份验证Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication(emailProperties.getUser(), emailProperties.getCode());}};// 使用环境属性和授权信息，创建邮件会话Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(properties, authenticator);// 创建邮件消息message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}//如果邮件创建失败,直接返回if (message==null){return false;}try {// 设置发件人InternetAddress form = new InternetAddress(emailProperties.getUser());message.setFrom(form);// 设置收件人InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);// 设置邮件标题message.setSubject(title);// 设置邮件的内容体message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");// 发送邮件Transport.send(message);}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}return true;}
}

application.yml

pom.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.1.2</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.xu</groupId><artifactId>springboot-config-file</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>springboot-config-file</name><description>springboot-config-file</description><properties><java.version>17</java.version></properties><dependencies><!--web开发依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--java mail 依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.angus</groupId><artifactId>jakarta.mail</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>