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centos7 xtrabackup mysql 基本测试（3）---虚拟机环境安装mysql

news 2025/8/8 21:28:48

centos7 xtrabackup mysql 基本测试（3）—虚拟机环境安装mysql

centos7 安装 mysql5.7

可以在运行安装程序之前导入密钥：

sudo rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

第一步、下载MySQL 安装包：

sudo wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

第二步安装mysql 安装源：

sudo yum -y localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

第三步，在线安装MySQL

sudo yum -y install mysql-community-server

第四步、启动mysql 服务

sudo systemctl start mysqld

第五步，设置开机启动

sudo systemctl enable mysqld
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

查看mysql 版本

mysql --version

查看密码：

sudo cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep 'A temporary password'

内容为

2024-06-12T07:32:58.419207Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: UHpsYQw?u20X

修改密码

mysql -u root -p
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1234aA~1';

增加一个 etc 用户

1.创建一个名为user1，密码为password1的用户，允许从任何主机连接：

CREATE USER 'etc'@'%' IDENTIFIED by '1234aA~1';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'etc'@'%';
flush privileges;

查看用户权限

show grants for 'etc'@'%';

内容

+------------------------------------------+
| Grants for etc@%                         |
+------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'etc'@'%' |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql 原始配置文件

cat /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

下一步就是修改datadir

防火墙
#查看防火墙状态
sudo firewall-cmd --state
#开放端口
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
#重新载入：
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
#查看所有打开的端口
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

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