当前位置：首页 > news >正文

设计模式-抽象工厂(创建型）

news 2025/6/26 3:19:25

创建型-抽象工厂

角色

抽象工厂：声明创建一个族产品对象的方法，每个方法对应一中产品，抽象工厂可以是接口，也可以是抽象类；
具体工厂：实现抽象工厂接口，复杂创建具体的一族产品；
抽象产品：定义一类产品的公共接口，描述一类产品的特定行为或者属性；
具体产品：实现抽象产品接口，定义具体产品的特定行为和属性；

其中，一族的概念可根据业务情况进行分族。比如：形状，颜色可分为两个族，再比如，植物，动物也可以分为两个族。族的概念根据区分维度不同可分为不同的族；

图解

在这里插入图片描述

实现案例

这个案例中按照年龄将人分为小孩，老年人，中年人三族，产品分为上衣、裤子、鞋子三个种类；其中实现了老年人和小孩两个族衣服的抽象工厂。

抽象产品类：

/** 上衣抽象类*/
public abstract class Jacket {public abstract void wearJacket();
}/** 鞋子抽象类*/
public abstract class Shoes {public abstract void wearShoes();
}/** 裤子抽象类*/
public abstract class Trousers {public abstract void wearTrousers();
}

具体产品类：

/** 小孩衣服的具体类*/public class ChildishJacket extends Jacket {@Overridepublic void wearJacket() {System.out.println("小孩的上衣");}
}
public class ChildishShoes extends Shoes {@Overridepublic void wearShoes() {System.out.println("小孩的鞋子");}
}
public class ChildishTrousers extends Trousers {@Overridepublic void wearTrousers() {System.out.println("小孩的裤子");}
}/** 老年人衣服的具体类*/
public class OldJacket extends Jacket {@Overridepublic void wearJacket() {System.out.println("老年人上衣");}
}
public class OldTrousers extends Trousers {@Overridepublic void wearTrousers() {System.out.println("老年人的裤子");}
}
public class OldShoes extends Shoes {@Overridepublic void wearShoes() {System.out.println("老年人的鞋子");}
}

抽象工厂类：

/** 生产衣服的抽象工厂*/
public abstract class AbstractClothesFactory {public abstract Jacket createJacket();public abstract Shoes createShoes();public abstract Trousers createTrousers();
}

具体工厂类：

/** 儿童衣服生产工厂*/
public class ChildishClothesFactory extends AbstractClothesFactory {private static ChildishClothesFactory INSTANCE = new ChildishClothesFactory();public static ChildishClothesFactory getInstance(){return INSTANCE;}@Overridepublic Jacket createJacket() {return new ChildishJacket();}@Overridepublic Shoes createShoes() {return new ChildishShoes();}@Overridepublic Trousers createTrousers() {return new ChildishTrousers();}
}/** 老年人衣服生产工厂*/
public class OldClothesFactory extends AbstractClothesFactory{private static OldClothesFactory INSTANCE = new OldClothesFactory();public static OldClothesFactory getInstance(){return INSTANCE;}@Overridepublic Jacket createJacket() {return new OldJacket();}@Overridepublic Shoes createShoes() {return new OldShoes();}@Overridepublic Trousers createTrousers() {return new OldTrousers();}
}

使用：

public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {//生产儿童一族的衣服ChildishClothesFactory childishClothesFactory = ChildishClothesFactory.getInstance();Jacket childishJacket = childishClothesFactory.createJacket();Shoes childishShoes = childishClothesFactory.createShoes();Trousers childishTrousers = childishClothesFactory.createTrousers();//生产老年人一族的衣服OldClothesFactory oldClothesFactory = OldClothesFactory.getInstance();Jacket oldJacket = oldClothesFactory.createJacket();Shoes oldShoes = oldClothesFactory.createShoes();Trousers oldTrousers = oldClothesFactory.createTrousers();childishJacket.wearJacket();oldJacket.wearJacket();}
}