WPF实现简单的3D图形
简述
Windows 演示基础 （WPF） 提供了一种功能，用于根据应用程序要求绘制、转换 3D 图形并为其添加动画效果。它不支持完整的3D游戏开发，但在某种程度上，您可以创建3D图形。
通过组合 2D 和 3D 图形，您还可以创建丰富的控件、提供复杂的数据插图或增强应用程序界面的用户体验。“视口3D”元素将 3D 模型托管到我们的 WPF 应用程序中。
示例
让我们举一个简单的例子来了解如何使用3D图形。
创建一个名为 WPF3D 图形的新 WPF 项目。
以下 XAML 代码演示如何使用 3D 几何图形创建 2D 对象。
<Window x:Class = "WPF3DGraphics.MainWindow" xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF3DGraphics" mc:Ignorable = "d" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "500" Width = "604"> <Grid> <Viewport3D> <Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera Position = "2,0,10" LookDirection = "0.2,0.4,-1"FieldOfView = "65" UpDirection = "0,1,0" /> </Viewport3D.Camera> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <Model3DGroup> <AmbientLight Color = "Bisque" /> <GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D.Geometry> <MeshGeometry3D Positions = "0,0,0 0,8,0 10,0,0 8,8,0"Normals = "0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1" TriangleIndices = "0,2,1 1,2,3"/> </GeometryModel3D.Geometry><GeometryModel3D.Material> <DiffuseMaterial Brush = "Bisque" /> </GeometryModel3D.Material> </GeometryModel3D></Model3DGroup> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D> </Grid> </Window>
当您编译并执行上述代码时，它将在3D中生成2D对象。
示例
让我们l一个显示 3D 对象的示例。
创建一个名为 WPF3D 图形1 的新 WPF 项目
以下 XAML 代码创建一个 3D 对象和一个滑块。在滑块的帮助下，您可以旋转此 3D 对象。
<Window x:Class = "WPF3DGraphics1.MainWindow" xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF3DGraphics1" mc:Ignorable = "d" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "350" Width = "525"> <Grid><Viewport3D Name="viewport3D1"><Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera x:Name = "camMain" Position = "6 5 4" LookDirection = "-6 -5 -4"> </PerspectiveCamera> </Viewport3D.Camera><ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <DirectionalLight x:Name = "dirLightMain" Direction = "-1,-1,-1"> </DirectionalLight> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D><ModelVisual3D x:Name = "MyModel"> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <GeometryModel3D><GeometryModel3D.Geometry><MeshGeometry3D x:Name = "meshMain"Positions = "0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1" TriangleIndices = "2 3 1 3 1 0 7 1 3 7 5 1 6 5 7 6 4 5 6 2 02 0 4 2 7 3 2 6 7 0 1 5 0 5 4"> </MeshGeometry3D> </GeometryModel3D.Geometry> <GeometryModel3D.Material> <DiffuseMaterial x:Name = "matDiffuseMain"><DiffuseMaterial.Brush> <SolidColorBrush Color = "Bisque"/> </DiffuseMaterial.Brush> </DiffuseMaterial> </GeometryModel3D.Material> </GeometryModel3D></ModelVisual3D.Content><ModelVisual3D.Transform> <RotateTransform3D> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D x:Name = "rotate" Axis = "1 2 1"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D></ModelVisual3D.Transform> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D><Slider Height = "23" HorizontalMoognment = "Left" Margin = "145,271,0,0" Name = "slider1" VerticalMoognment = "Top" Width = "269" Maximum = "360" Value = "{Binding ElementName = rotate, Path=Angle}" /> </Grid> </Window>
运行应用程序时，它将在窗口上生成一个 3D 对象和一个滑块。
滑动滑块时，窗口中的对象也将旋转。