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RobbitMQ基本消息队列的消息发送过程

news 2025/8/23 18:32:58

RabbitMQ: One broker to queue them all | RabbitMQ RabbitMQ官网

SpringAmqp的官方地址：Spring AMQP

代码示例:对着代码看应该能看明白

publisher:消息发送者的代码示例

package cn.itcast.mq.helloworld;import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;public class PublisherTest {@Testpublic void testSendMessage() throws IOException, TimeoutException {// 1.建立连接ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();// 1.1.设置连接参数，分别是：主机名、端口号、vhost、用户名、密码factory.setHost("192.168.221.131");factory.setPort(5672);factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setUsername("itcast");factory.setPassword("123321");// 1.2.建立连接Connection connection = factory.newConnection();// 2.创建通道ChannelChannel channel = connection.createChannel();// 3.创建队列String queueName = "simple.queue";channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);// 4.发送消息String message = "hello, rabbitmq!";channel.basicPublish("", queueName, null, message.getBytes());System.out.println("发送消息成功：【" + message + "】");// 5.关闭通道和连接channel.close();connection.close();}
}

package cn.itcast.mq.helloworld;import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;public class ConsumerTest {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {// 1.建立连接ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();// 1.1.设置连接参数，分别是：主机名、端口号、vhost、用户名、密码factory.setHost("192.168.221.131");factory.setPort(5672);factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setUsername("itcast");factory.setPassword("123321");// 1.2.建立连接Connection connection = factory.newConnection();// 2.创建通道ChannelChannel channel = connection.createChannel();// 3.创建队列String queueName = "simple.queue";channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);// 4.订阅消息channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {// 5.处理消息String message = new String(body);System.out.println("接收到消息：【" + message + "】");}});System.out.println("等待接收消息。。。。");}
}

消息接收者代码示例.

SpringAMQP：

简单消息队列模型:Basic Queue

什么是SpringAMQP:

SpringAMQP消息的发送案例:

引入依赖

<!--AMQP依赖，包含RabbitMQ--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>

在相应的模块下配置yml文件:

spring:rabbitmq:host: 192.168.221.131port: 5672virtual-host: /username: itcastpassword: 123321

编写测试代码:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class test01 {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;//rabbit的工具类@Testpublic void test(){String queueName="simple.queue";//消息队列的名字String message="hello libucun";//发送的消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName,message);//连接并且发送}
}

发送成功后在你虚拟机rabbit映射地址里能看到