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《前端面试题》- JS基础 - 防抖和节流

news 2025/8/3 12:52:33

在界面触发点击，滚动，输入校验等事件时，如果对事件的触发频率不加以限制，会给浏览器增加负担，且对用户不友好。防抖和节流就是针对类似情况的解决方案。

防抖

防抖(debounce)：当连续触发事件时，一定时间段内没有再触发事件，事件处理函数才会执行一次，如果设定的时间到来之前，又一次触发了事件，就重新开始延时。

示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title>
</head>
<body><div>点击<span class="count">0</span>次</div><button class="button">button</button><script>let count = 0;function debounce(fn, await) {let timer = null;return function(...args) {if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);timer = setTimeout(() => fn.apply(this, args), await);}}function calCount() {const ele = document.getElementsByClassName('count')[0];count++;ele.innerHTML = count;}const btn = document.getElementsByClassName('button')[0];btn.addEventListener('click', debounce(calCount, 1000));</script>
</body>
</html>

节流

节流(throttle)：当持续触发事件时，保证一定时间段内只调用一次事件处理函数。

示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title>
</head>
<body><div>点击<span class="count">0</span>次</div><button class="button">button</button><script>let count = 0;function throttle(fn, await) {let preTime = Date.now();return function(...args) {let now = Date.now();if(now - preTime >= await) {fn.apply(this, args);preTime = Date.now();}}}function calCount() {const ele = document.getElementsByClassName('count')[0];count++;ele.innerHTML = count;}const btn = document.getElementsByClassName('button')[0];btn.addEventListener('click', throttle(calCount, 1000));</script>
</body>
</html>