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JAVA后端调用OpenAI接口实现打字机效果（SSE）

news 2025/8/15 23:36:21

SSE

SSE（Server-Sent Events，服务器发送事件）是一种基于HTTP协议的通信技术，它允许服务器持续地将数据推送给客户端，而无需客户端发起请求。这种通信方式通常用于实时性要求较高的场景，如实时更新、通知、或者数据流式传输。
SSE与传统的Ajax轮询或长轮询相比，具有更低的延迟、更高的效率，并且更易于实现。它建立在HTTP协议之上，利用HTTP/1.1的持久连接，允许服务器在连接建立后持续地向客户端发送数据，客户端通过监听一个HTTP连接来接收这些数据。
在Web开发中，服务器通常会使用特殊的HTTP响应头（如"Content-Type: text/event-stream"）来指示客户端这是一个SSE流，并且按照一定的格式发送事件数据给客户端。客户端则可以使用JavaScript中的EventSource对象来接收并处理这些事件，从而实现实时的数据更新。

SseEmitter

SseEmitter是Spring框架中的一个类，专门用于Java。SSE代表服务器发送事件，是一种使服务器能够通过HTTP向Web客户端推送数据更新的技术。SseEmitter是在Spring应用程序中实现SSE服务器支持的便捷方式。
使用SseEmitter，您可以在Spring应用程序中创建一个端点，客户端可以连接到该端点，服务器可以通过此连接向客户端推送事件。这对于实时更新非常有用，例如显示实时通知、进度更新或流式传输数据。

实现：

OpenAI支持Stream流格式接收

在这里插入图片描述

接口连续的数据读取

官网示例

在这里插入图片描述

{"id":"chatcmpl-123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":1694268190,"model":"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125", "system_fingerprint": "fp_44709d6fcb", "choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"role":"assistant","content":""},"logprobs":null,"finish_reason":null}]}{"id":"chatcmpl-123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":1694268190,"model":"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125", "system_fingerprint": "fp_44709d6fcb", "choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"content":"Hello"},"logprobs":null,"finish_reason":null}]}
...
{"id":"chatcmpl-123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":1694268190,"model":"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125", "system_fingerprint": "fp_44709d6fcb", "choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{},"logprobs":null,"finish_reason":"stop"}]}

demo

  private static final String API_KEY = "********************";private static final Pattern contentPattern = Pattern.compile("\"content\":\"(.*?)\"}");private static final String MODEL_ENGINE = "gpt-3.5-turbo";public static void test() throws InterruptedException, IOException {//params 的入参封装 这里省略 参考上面图片 或去官网 需要stream形式请求HttpRequest httpRequest = HttpRequest.post("https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions").header("Content-Type", "application/json").header("Authorization", "Bearer " + API_KEY).body(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(params));//TODO 代理 到shadowsocks httpRequest.setProxy(new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 7890)));HttpResponse execute = httpRequest.execute();InputStream inputStream = execute.bodyStream();BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));String line;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {if (StringUtils.hasLength(line)) {System.out.println(line);Matcher matcher = contentPattern.matcher(line);if (matcher.find()) {String content = matcher.group(1);System.out.println(content);}}}
}

SSE发送

demo

ChatController

 @Autowiredprivate ChatService chatService;@GetMapping("/test")public SseEmitter test(String question) {SseEmitter sseEmitter = new SseEmitter();chatService.question(question, sseEmitter);return sseEmitter;}

ChatService

  private static final String API_KEY = "********************";private static final Pattern contentPattern = Pattern.compile("\"content\":\"(.*?)\"}");@Asyncpublic void question(String question, SseEmitter sseEmitter) {try {// 构建请求参数String params = "{\"model\":\"gpt-3.5-turbo\",\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":\"" + question + "\"}],\"stream\":true}";// 发起 HTTP 请求HttpRequest httpRequest = HttpRequest.post("https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions").header("Content-Type", "application/json").header("Authorization", "Bearer " + API_KEY).body(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(params)).setProxy(new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 7890)));// 执行 HTTP 请求HttpResponse execute = httpRequest.execute();// 处理响应流try (InputStream inputStream = execute.bodyStream();BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {String line;while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {if (StringUtils.hasLength(line)) {// 输出响应内容System.out.println(line);// 提取内容Matcher matcher = contentPattern.matcher(line);if (matcher.find()) {String content = matcher.group(1);System.out.println(content);// 发送 SSE 事件 （模拟延迟)Thread.sleep(1000);sseEmitter.send(SseEmitter.event().name("answer").data("{" + content + "}"));}}}}} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {// 异常处理throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {// 完成 SSE 连接sseEmitter.complete();}}