QT网络编程之获取本机网络信息
一.概述
查询一个主机的MAC地址或者IP地址是网络应用中常用到的功能，Qt提供了QHostInfo和QNetworkInterface 类可以用于此类信息的查询
1.QHostInfo 类（显示和查找本地的信息）
2.QNetworkInterface 类（获得应用程序上所在主机的所有网络接口，包括子网掩码和广播地址）
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二．代码实现
1.dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H
#include <QDialog>
#include <QHostInfo>
namespace Ui {
class Dialog;
}
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
~Dialog();
private slots:
void lookedUpHostInfo(const QHostInfo &host);
void on_btnGetHostInfo_clicked();
void on_btnDetail_clicked();
void on_btnLookup_clicked();
void on_btnALLInterface_clicked();
void on_btnClear_clicked();
private:
Ui::Dialog *ui;
QString protocolName(QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol protocol);
};
#endif // DIALOG_H
2.dialog.cpp
#include "dialog.h"
#include "ui_dialog.h"
#include <QHostInfo>
#include <QNetworkInterface>
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :
QDialog(parent),
ui(new Ui::Dialog)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
}
Dialog::~Dialog()
{
delete ui;
}
void Dialog::lookedUpHostInfo(const QHostInfo &host)
{//查找主机信息的槽函数
QList<QHostAddress> addList=host.addresses();//
if (!addList.isEmpty())
for (int i=0;i<addList.count();i++)
{
QHostAddress aHost=addList.at(i);
bool show=ui->chkOnlyIPv4->isChecked();//只显示IPv4
if (show)
show=QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol==aHost.protocol();
else
show=true;
if (show) {
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("协 议："+protocolName(aHost.protocol()));
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(aHost.toString());
}
}
}
void Dialog::on_btnGetHostInfo_clicked()
{//QHostInfo获取主机信息
QString hostName=QHostInfo::localHostName();//本地主机名
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("本机主机名："+hostName+"\n");
QHostInfo hostInfo=QHostInfo::fromName(hostName); //本机IP地址
QList<QHostAddress> addList=hostInfo.addresses();//IP地址列表
if (!addList.isEmpty())
for (int i=0;i<addList.count();i++)
{
QHostAddress aHost=addList.at(i); //每一项是一个QHostAddress
bool show=ui->chkOnlyIPv4->isChecked();//只显示IPv4
if (show)
show=(QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol==aHost.protocol()); //协议类型，
else
show=true;
if (show) {
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("协 议："+protocolName(aHost.protocol()));//协议类型
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("本机IP地址："+aHost.toString()); //IP地址
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("");
}
}
}
void Dialog::on_btnDetail_clicked()
{
QList<QHostAddress> addList=QNetworkInterface::allAddresses();//
if (!addList.isEmpty())
for (int i=0;i<addList.count();i++)
{
QHostAddress aHost=addList.at(i);
bool show=ui->chkOnlyIPv4->isChecked();//只显示IPv4
if (show)
show=QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol==aHost.protocol();
else
show=true;
if (show)
{
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("协 议："+protocolName(aHost.protocol()));
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("IP地址："+aHost.toString());
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("");
}
}
}
void Dialog::on_btnLookup_clicked()
{//查找主机信息
QString hostname=ui->editHost->text(); //主机名
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("正在查找查找主机信息："+hostname);
QHostInfo::lookupHost(hostname,this,SLOT(lookedUpHostInfo(QHostInfo)));
}
void Dialog::on_btnALLInterface_clicked()
{//QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces()函数的使用
QList<QNetworkInterface> list=QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();
for(int i=0;i<list.count();i++)
{
QNetworkInterface aInterface=list.at(i);
if (!aInterface.isValid())
continue;
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("设备名称："+aInterface.humanReadableName());
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("硬件地址："+aInterface.hardwareAddress());
QList<QNetworkAddressEntry> entryList=aInterface.addressEntries();
for(int j=0;j<entryList.count();j++)
{
QNetworkAddressEntry aEntry=entryList.at(j);
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(" IP 地址："+aEntry.ip().toString());
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(" 子网掩码："+aEntry.netmask().toString());
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(" 广播地址："+aEntry.broadcast().toString()+"\n");
}
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("\n");
}
}
QString Dialog::protocolName(QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol protocol)
{//通过协议类型返回协议名称
switch(protocol)
{
case QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol:
return "IPv4 Protocol";
case QAbstractSocket::IPv6Protocol:
return "IPv6 Protocol";
case QAbstractSocket::AnyIPProtocol:
return "Any IP Protocol";
default:
return "Unknown Network Layer Protocol";
}
}
void Dialog::on_btnClear_clicked()
{
ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
}
三．测试结果
1.获取本机主机名和IP
2.获取所有IP地址
3.获取所有接口
4.查找域名的ip地址
