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服务流控（Sentinel）

news 2025/7/8 21:37:18

引入依赖

<!-- 必须的 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency><!-- sentinel 核心库 -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-core</artifactId><version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>

实现流控

编码实现

限流实现

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);private static final String RESOURCE_NAME = "hello";@RequestMapping("/hello")public String hello() {Entry entry = null;// 务必保证finally会被执行try {// 资源名可使用任意有业务语义的字符串entry = SphU.entry(RESOURCE_NAME);// 被保护的业务逻辑// do something...String str = "hello world";logger.info("++++++++++++" + str);return str;} catch (BlockException e1) {// 资源访问阻止，被限流或被降级// 进行相应的处理操作logger.info("block!!!!!");return "被流控了！！！！";} catch (Exception e) {// 若需要配置降级规则。则需要通过这种方式记录业务异常Tracer.traceEntry(e, entry);} finally {if (entry != null) {entry.exit();}}return null;}

注册流控规则

    @PostConstructprivate static void initFlowControlRules() { // 通常设置在服务提供方// 流控规则列表List<FlowRule> flowRuleList = new ArrayList<>();// 流控规则FlowRule helloFlowRule = new FlowRule();// 设置流控的资源名称helloFlowRule.setResource(RESOURCE_NAME);// 设置流控规则 QPShelloFlowRule.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);// 设置流控的阈值// Set limit QPS to 20helloFlowRule.setCount(1);flowRuleList.add(helloFlowRule);FlowRuleManager.loadRules(flowRuleList);}

效果呈现

注解实现

引入依赖

<!--  @SentinelResource  -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-annotation-aspectj</artifactId><version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>

增加切面
- 启动类

    @Beanpublic SentinelResourceAspect sentinelResourceAspect() {return new SentinelResourceAspect();}

- 配置类

/*** 1. 使用注解@SentinelResource* 2. 使用了 Spring AOP* 3. 通过配置的方式将 SentinelResourceAspect 注册为一个 Spring Bean*/
@Configuration
public class AopConfiguration {@Beanpublic SentinelResourceAspect sentinelResourceAspect() {return new SentinelResourceAspect();}
}

注解使用

    /*** 使用注解 使用Sentinel** @SentinelResource： 依赖：* <dependency>*      <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>*      <artifactId>sentinel-annotation-aspectj</artifactId>*      <version>1.8.0</version>* </dependency>* 1. value: 资源名称* 2. blockHandler 流控降低处理器 （默认和接口实现方法在同一个类中）* 3. blockHandlerClass 指定处理器类* 4. fallback  业务异常处理* 5. fallbackClass 指定异常处理器类* 6. blockHandler 和 fallback 同时配置， blockHandler 优先级高* 7. exceptionsToIgnore 排除不需要处理的异常 -> exceptionsToIgnore = {}*/@RequestMapping("/user")@SentinelResource(value = USER_RESOURCE_NAME, blockHandler = "blockHandlerForGetUser",
//            fallback = "fallBackForGetUser",exceptionsToIgnore = {})public User getUser(String id) {// int i = 1 / 0;return new User(id, "Quentin");}/*** 注意：* 1. 必须是public, 若放在其他类中 blockHandlerClass 则必须为 public static* 2. 返回值 需和原接口方法的返回值保持一致 且 参数包含原方法的参数* 3. 额外增加  异常参数 BlockException** @param id* @param be* @return*/public User blockHandlerForGetUser(String id, BlockException be) {logger.info("++++++++注解流控");return new User(id, "被流控了！！！");}

增加流控规则

    @PostConstructprivate static void initFlowControlRules() { // 通常设置在服务提供方// 流控规则列表List<FlowRule> flowRuleList = new ArrayList<>();// 流控规则FlowRule userFlowRule = new FlowRule();// 设置流控的资源名称userFlowRule.setResource(USER_RESOURCE_NAME);// 设置流控规则 QPSuserFlowRule.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);// 设置流控的阈值// Set limit QPS to 20userFlowRule.setCount(1);flowRuleList.add(userFlowRule);FlowRuleManager.loadRules(flowRuleList);}