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SpringBoot集成ElasticSearch，实现模糊查询，批量CRUD，排序，分页，高亮

news 2025/8/13 9:30:09

导入elasticsearch依赖

在pom.xml里加入如下依赖：

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

非常重要：检查依赖版本是否与你当前所用的版本是否一致，如果不一致，会连接失败！！！！！！！！

# 创建高级客户端


import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchClientConfig {@Beanpublic RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("服务器IP", 9200, "http")));return client;}
}

基本用法

1.创建、判断存在、删除索引

import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import java.io.IOException;@SpringBootTest
class ElasticsearchApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;@Testvoid testCreateIndex() throws IOException {//1.创建索引请求CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("ljx666");//2.客户端执行请求IndicesClient，执行create方法创建索引，请求后获得响应CreateIndexResponse response=restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(response);}@Testvoid testExistIndex() throws IOException {//1.查询索引请求GetIndexRequest request=new GetIndexRequest("ljx666");//2.执行exists方法判断是否存在boolean exists=restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(exists);}@Testvoid testDeleteIndex() throws IOException {//1.删除索引请求DeleteIndexRequest request=new DeleteIndexRequest("ljx666");//执行delete方法删除指定索引AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());}}

2.对文档的CRUD

创建文档：

注意：如果添加时不指定文档ID，他就会随机生成一个ID，ID唯一。

创建文档时若该ID已存在，发送创建文档请求后会更新文档中的数据。

@Test
void testAddUser() throws IOException {//1.创建对象User user=new User("Go",21,new String[]{"内卷","吃饭"});//2.创建请求IndexRequest request=new IndexRequest("ljx666");//3.设置规则 PUT /ljx666/_doc/1//设置文档id=6，设置超时=1s等，不设置会使用默认的//同时支持链式编程如 request.id("6").timeout("1s");request.id("6");request.timeout("1s");//4.将数据放入请求，要将对象转化为json格式//XContentType.JSON，告诉它传的数据是JSON类型request.source(JSONValue.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);//5.客户端发送请求，获取响应结果IndexResponse indexResponse=restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(indexResponse.toString());System.out.println(indexResponse.status());
}

获取文档中的数据：

@Test
void testGetUser() throws IOException {//1.创建请求,指定索引、文档idGetRequest request=new GetRequest("ljx666","1");GetResponse getResponse=restHighLevelClient.get(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(getResponse);//获取响应结果//getResponse.getSource() 返回的是Map集合System.out.println(getResponse.getSourceAsString());//获取响应结果source中内容，转化为字符串}

更新文档数据：

注意：需要将User对象中的属性全部指定值，不然会被设置为空，如User只设置了名称，那么只有名称会被修改成功，其他会被修改为null。

@Test
void testUpdateUser() throws IOException {//1.创建请求,指定索引、文档idUpdateRequest request=new UpdateRequest("ljx666","6");User user =new User("GoGo",21,new String[]{"内卷","吃饭"});//将创建的对象放入文档中request.doc(JSONValue.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);UpdateResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.update(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//更新成功返回OK
}

删除文档：

@Test
void testDeleteUser() throws IOException {//创建删除请求，指定要删除的索引与文档IDDeleteRequest request=new DeleteRequest("ljx666","6");DeleteResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//删除成功返回OK，没有找到返回NOT_FOUND
}

3.批量CRUD数据

这里只列出了批量插入数据，其他与此类似。

注意：hasFailures()方法是返回是否失败，即它的值为false时说明上传成功。

@Test
void testBulkAddUser() throws IOException {BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest();//设置超时bulkRequest.timeout("10s");ArrayList<User> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add(new User("Java",25,new String[]{"内卷"}));list.add(new User("Go",18,new String[]{"内卷"}));list.add(new User("C",30,new String[]{"内卷"}));list.add(new User("C++",26,new String[]{"内卷"}));list.add(new User("Python",20,new String[]{"内卷"}));int id=1;//批量处理请求for (User u :list){//不设置id会生成随机idbulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("ljx666").id(""+(id++)).source(JSONValue.toJSONString(u),XContentType.JSON));}BulkResponse bulkResponse=restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(bulkResponse.hasFailures());//是否执行失败,false为执行成功
}

4.查询所有、模糊查询、分页查询、排序、高亮显示

@Test
void testSearch() throws IOException {SearchRequest searchRequest=new SearchRequest("ljx666");//里面可以放多个索引SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder=new SearchSourceBuilder();//构造搜索条件//此处可以使用QueryBuilders工具类中的方法//1.查询所有sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//2.查询name中含有Java的sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("java","name"));//3.分页查询sourceBuilder.from(0).size(5);//4.按照score正序排列//sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.scoreSort().order(SortOrder.ASC));//5.按照id倒序排列（score会失效返回NaN）//sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.fieldSort("_id").order(SortOrder.DESC));//6.给指定字段加上指定高亮样式HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();highlightBuilder.field("name").preTags("<span style='color:red;'>").postTags("</span>");sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);SearchResponse searchResponse=restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);//获取总条数System.out.println(searchResponse.getHits().getTotalHits().value);//输出结果数据（如果不设置返回条数，大于10条默认只返回10条）SearchHit[] hits=searchResponse.getHits().getHits();for(SearchHit hit :hits){System.out.println("分数:"+hit.getScore());Map<String,Object> source=hit.getSourceAsMap();System.out.println("index->"+hit.getIndex());System.out.println("id->"+hit.getId());for(Map.Entry<String,Object> s:source.entrySet()){System.out.println(s.getKey()+"--"+s.getValue());}}
}