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【微服务】-微服务环境搭建

news 2025/8/24 23:01:02

2.1 技术选型

2.2 模块设计

2.3 微服务调用

2.4 创建⽗⼯程

2.5 创建商品微服务

2.6 创建订单微服务

2.1 技术选型

持久层: SpingData Jpa

数据库: MySQL5.7

其他: SpringCloud Alibaba 技术栈

2.2 模块设计

--- shop-parent ⽗⼯程

--- shop-product-api 商品微服务api 【存放商品实体】

--- shop-product-server 商品微服务【端⼝:8081】

--- shop-order-api 订单微服务api 【存放订单实体】

--- shop-order-server 订单微服务【端⼝:8091】

2.3 微服务调用

在微服务架构中，最常⻅的场景就是微服务之间的相互调⽤。我们以电商系统中常⻅的⽤户下单为

例来演示微服务的调⽤：客户向订单微服务发起⼀个下单的请求，在进⾏保存订单之前需要调⽤商品微服务查询商品的信息。

我们⼀般把服务的主动调⽤⽅称为服务消费者，把服务的被调⽤⽅称为服务提供者。

2.4 创建⽗⼯程

创建⼀个maven⼯程，然后在pom.xml⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version><packaging>pom</packaging><!--⽗⼯程--><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version></parent><!--依赖版本的锁定--><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.3.RELEASE</spring-cloudalibaba.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement>
</project>

2.5 创建商品微服务

1.创建shop-product-api项⽬，然后在pom.xml⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><version>1.0.0</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-product-api</artifactId><!--依赖--><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

2 创建实体类

//商品
@Entity(name = "t_shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long pid;//主键private String pname;//商品名称private Double pprice;//商品价格private Integer stock;//库存
}

3.创建shop-product-server项⽬，然后在pom.xml⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><version>1.0.0</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-product-server</artifactId><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.56</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><artifactId>shop-product-api</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

4.编写启动类ProductServer.java


@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductServer {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ProductServer.class,args);}
}

5.编写配置⽂件application.yml

server:

        port: 8081

spring:

        application:

                name: product-service

        datasource:

                driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

                url: jdbc:mysql:///shop-product?

serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true

                username: root

                password: admin

        jpa:

                properties:

                        hibernate:

                                hbm2ddl:

                                        auto: update

                                        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

6.在数据库中创建shop-product的数据库

7.创建ProductDao

public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product, Long> {
}

8.创建ProductService接⼝和实现类

@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {@Autowiredprivate ProductDao productDao;@Overridepublic Product findByPid(Long pid) {return productDao.findById(pid).get();}
}

9.创建Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {@Autowiredprivate ProductService productService;//商品信息查询@RequestMapping("/product/{pid}")public Product findByPid(@PathVariable("pid") Long pid) {log.info("接下来要进⾏{}号商品信息的查询", pid);Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);log.info("商品信息查询成功,内容为{}", JSON.toJSONString(product));return product;}
}

10.启动⼯程，等到数据库表创建完毕之后，加⼊测试数据

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE(NULL,'⼩⽶','1000','5000');

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE(NULL,'华为','2000','5000');

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE(NULL,'苹果','3000','5000');

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE(NULL,'OPPO','4000','5000');

11.通过浏览器访问服务

2.6 创建订单微服务

1.创建shop-order-api项⽬，然后在pom.xml⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><version>1.0.0</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-order-api</artifactId><!--依赖--><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

2 创建实体类

//订单
@Entity(name = "t_shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long oid;//订单id//⽤户private Long uid;//⽤户idprivate String username;//⽤户名//商品private Long pid;//商品idprivate String pname;//商品名称private Double pprice;//商品单价//数量private Integer number;//购买数量
}

3.创建shop-order-server项⽬，然后在pom.xml⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><version>1.0.0</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-order-server</artifactId><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.56</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId><artifactId>shop-order-api</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

4.编写启动类OrderServer.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderServer {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderServer.class,args);}
}

5.编写配置⽂件application.yml

server:

        port: 8091

spring:

        application:

                name:order-service

        datasource:

                driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

                url: jdbc:mysql:///shop-order? serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true

                username: root

                password: admin

        jpa:

                properties:

                        hibernate:

                                hbm2ddl:

                                        auto: update

                                        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

6.在数据库中创建shop-order的数据库

7.创建OrderDao

public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order, Long> {
}

8.创建OrderService接⼝和实现类

@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {@Autowiredprivate OrderDao orderDao;@Overridepublic Order createOrder(Long productId,Long userId) {log.info("接收到{}号商品的下单请求,接下来调⽤商品微服务查询此商品信息",
productId);//远程调⽤商品微服务,查询商品信息Product product = null;log.info("查询到{}号商品的信息,内容是:{}", productId,
JSON.toJSONString(product));//创建订单并保存Order order = new Order();order.setUid(userId);order.setUsername("叩丁狼教育");order.setPid(productId);order.setPname(product.getPname());order.setPprice(product.getPprice());order.setNumber(1);orderDao.save(order);log.info("创建订单成功,订单信息为{}", JSON.toJSONString(order));return order;}
}

9.创建Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {@Autowiredprivate OrderService orderService;@RequestMapping("/save")public Order order(Long pid,Long uid) {return orderService.createOrder(pid,uid);}
}

10.直接往数据库中添加几条数据，启动项目进行调用即可。

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