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OpenStack云平台搭建(5) | 部署Nova

news 2025/6/27 9:41:09

目录

1、登录数据库配置

2、安装nova

3、计算节点上安装nova

4、在controller节点上

nova组件是用来建虚拟机的（功能：负责响应虚拟机创建请求、调度、销毁云主机）

nova主要组成：

  • (1).nova api service------安装在controller节点：接受和相应客户端发送的请求，nova-api负责接收和响应终端用户由管虚拟机和云硬盘的请求。就是说我想在openstack中创建个虚拟机(创建虚拟机最终在nova中完成)，我发出的请求就被nova-api接收并发送到nova中去，然后在进行下一步具体操作，nova-api是整个nova的入口。它接收用户请求，将指令发送到消息队列，由相应的服务执行相关的指令消息，他提供了openstack API，亚马逊EC2 API，以及管理员控制API。
  • (2)nova-api-metadata service：接受从实例元数据发来的请求，该服务通常于nova-network服务在对主机模式下运行，也就说由多个nova节点才会用得到
  • (3)nova compute------安装在compute节点:是nova组件中最核心的服务，它实现了管理虚拟机的功能，实现了在计算节点上创建，启动，暂停，关闭，和删除虚拟机。
  • (4)nova Scheduler：主要起到调度作用，假如现在又多台nova计算节点，当用户发起创建虚拟机的请求时，nova Scheduler会决定把虚拟机创建放在那个计算节点上。
  • (5)nova conductor：主要提供数据查询功能，提供nova compute和Database之间的交互数据，那为啥nova compute不直接去访问数据库呢？只是为防止nova compute被攻击后，数据库就会不安全，所以需要有nova conductor去调度

1、登录数据库配置

1.Use the database access client to connect to the database server as the root user（登录数据库）

[root@controller ~]# mysql -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 18
Server version: 10.3.20-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]>

 2.Create the nova_api, nova, and nova_cell0 databases（(数据库里创建nova-api）

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.002 sec)MariaDB [(none)]>  CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)

 3.Grant proper access to the databases（授权）

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' \IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' \IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' \IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

退出数据库


MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye
[root@controller ~]#

4.Create the Compute service credentials:Create the nova user:(创建用户)

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password nova nova
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 7327ef20d28648ec9c90d640eb1be7aa |
| name                | nova                             |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

5.Add the admin role to the nova user（增加用户）

[root@controller ~]#  openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

6.Create the nova service entity（创建服务）

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name nova \--description "OpenStack Compute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | acdb20889c2f40059e9d3476cde870eb |
| name        | nova                             |
| type        | compute                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

7.Create the Compute API service endpoints:

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 6de5e77e358a43b3bb5a60f50051abab |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | acdb20889c2f40059e9d3476cde870eb |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | ac25b43c9dd5492b825731be6c05ba28 |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | acdb20889c2f40059e9d3476cde870eb |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | edc99daa899a4ee299034360b3ed7796 |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | acdb20889c2f40059e9d3476cde870eb |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

2、安装nova

1.Install the packages:

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor   openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler -y

2.修改/etc/nova/nova.conf

[root@controller ~]# cp /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev "^$|#" /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@controller:5672/
my_ip = 10.0.0.10
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
log_file = /var/log/nova/nova.log
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova_api
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@controller:5672/
my_ip = 10.0.0.10
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova_api
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@controller/nova
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = placement
[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]

3.同步数据库

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
2e46e668-cfaf-4034-b6a8-154dc925c12d
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `block_device_mapping_instance_uuid_virtual_name_device_name_idx`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')result = self._query(query)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `uniq_instances0uuid`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')result = self._query(query)

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova
+-------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------+
|  Name |                 UUID                 |              Transport URL               |               Database Connection               | Disabled |
+-------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------+
| cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 |                  none:/                  | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@controller/nova_cell0 |  False   |
| cell1 | 2e46e668-cfaf-4034-b6a8-154dc925c12d | rabbit://openstack:****@controller:5672/ |    mysql+pymysql://nova:****@controller/nova    |  False   |
+-------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------+

4.Start the Compute services and configure them to start when the system boots:

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable \openstack-nova-api.service \openstack-nova-scheduler.service \openstack-nova-conductor.service \openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-api.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-api.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-scheduler.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-conductor.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-conductor.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service.

5.做一个重启脚本

[root@controller ~]# vi nova-restart.sh#!/bin/bash
systemctl restart     openstack-nova-api.service     openstack-nova-scheduler.service     openstack-nova-conductor.service     openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
[root@controller ~]# bash nova-restart.sh

然后再计算节点上配置

3、计算节点上安装nova

1.Install the packages（安装nova包）

[root@computer ~]# yum install openstack-nova-compute -y

2.修改/etc/nova/nova.conf配置

[root@computer ~]# yum install openstack-nova-compute -y^C
[root@computer ~]# cp /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
[root@computer ~]# grep -Ev "^$|#" /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@computer ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@controller
compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver
my_ip = 192.168.124.89
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
log_file = /var/log/nova/nova-compute.log
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@controller
compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver
my_ip = 192.168.124.89
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[api_database]
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = placement
[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://192.168.124.88:6080/vnc_auto.html
[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]

3.启动服务

[root@computer ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-compute.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-compute.service.
[root@computer ~]# systemctl start libvirtd
[root@computer ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

4、在controller节点上

1.在controller节点上（查看有没有计算节点）

[root@controller ~]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
+----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary       | Host     | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|  9 | nova-compute | computer | nova | enabled | up    | 2023-02-10T15:15:29.000000 |
+----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

2.发现计算节点

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
Found 2 cell mappings.
Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.
Getting computes from cell 'cell1': 87c82cc2-68f4-41d2-8427-5c959215ef1d
Checking host mapping for compute host 'computer': 833f408b-d646-483e-80eb-6f67c390fd43
Creating host mapping for compute host 'computer': 833f408b-d646-483e-80eb-6f67c390fd43
Found 1 unmapped computes in cell: 87c82cc2-68f4-41d2-8427-5c959215ef1d

3.配置自动发现节点

[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300

 nova部署完成

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