1. 第一种
# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1)2.27
Copyright (C)2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the sourcefor copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.2. 第二种
# ls -alh /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Apr 172018 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 -> libc-2.27.so
注意：libc-2.27.so ：版本号即 2.27# strings /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.27.so |grep -in5 versionGNU C Library (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1) stable release version 2.27.
Copyright (C)2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the sourcefor copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.3. 第三种
//glibc_version.c
#include <stdio.h>#include <gnu/libc-version.h>
int main(void){printf("glic_version = %s\n",gnu_get_libc_version());return0;}# gcc glibc_version.c# ./a.out
glic_version =2.27
1.2. 查看 so/bin 中的依赖
# objdump
Usage: objdump <option(s)><file(s)>Display information from object <file(s)>.At least one of the following switches must be given:-a, --archive-headers Display archive header information-f, --file-headers Display the contents of the overall file header-p, --private-headers Display object format specific file header contents-P, --private=OPT,OPT... Display object format specific contents-h, --[section-]headers Display the contents of the section headers-x, --all-headers Display the contents of all headers-d, --disassemble Display assembler contents of executable sections-D, --disassemble-all Display assembler contents of all sections-S, --source Intermix source code with disassembly-s, --full-contents Display the full contents of all sections requested-g, --debugging Display debug information in object file-e, --debugging-tags Display debug information using ctags style-G, --stabs Display (in raw form) any STABS info in the file-W[lLiaprmfFsoRtUuTgAckK] or--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=gdb_index,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]Display DWARF info in the file-t, --syms Display the contents of the symbol table(s)-T, --dynamic-syms Display the contents of the dynamic symbol table-r, --reloc Display the relocation entries in the file-R, --dynamic-reloc Display the dynamic relocation entries in the file@<file> Read options from <file>-v, --version Display this program's version number-i, --info List object formats and architectures supported-H, --help Display this information# objdump -x test| grep NEED
1.3. 调试 bin 报错原因
# strace -h
usage: strace[-CdffhiqrtttTvVwxxy][-I n][-e expr]...[-a column][-o file][-s strsize][-P path]...-p pid... / [-D][-E var=val]... [-u username] PROG [ARGS]or: strace -c[dfw][-I n][-e expr]... [-O overhead][-S sortby]-p pid... / [-D][-E var=val]... [-u username] PROG [ARGS]Output format:-acolumn alignment COLUMN for printing syscall results (default 40)-i print instruction pointer at time of syscall-k obtain stack trace between each syscall (experimental)-ofile send trace output to FILE instead of stderr-q suppress messages about attaching, detaching, etc.-r print relative timestamp-s strsize limit length of print strings to STRSIZE chars (default 32)-t print absolute timestamp-tt print absolute timestamp with usecs-T print time spent in each syscall-x print non-ascii strings in hex-xx print all strings in hex-y print paths associated with file descriptor arguments-yy print protocol specific information associated with socket file descriptorsStatistics:-c count time, calls, and errors for each syscall and report summary-C like -c but also print regular output-O overhead set overhead for tracing syscalls to OVERHEAD usecs-S sortby sort syscall counts by: time, calls, name, nothing (default time)-w summarise syscall latency (default is system time)Filtering:-eexpr a qualifying expression: option=[!]all or option=[!]val1[,val2]...options: trace, abbrev, verbose, raw, signal, read, write, fault-P path trace accesses to pathTracing:-b execve detach on execve syscall-D run tracer process as a detached grandchild, not as parent-f follow forks-ff follow forks with output into separate files-I interruptible1: no signals are blocked2: fatal signals are blocked while decoding syscall (default)3: fatal signals are always blocked (default if'-o FILE PROG')4: fatal signals and SIGTSTP (^Z) are always blocked(useful to make'strace -o FILE PROG' not stop on ^Z)Startup:-E var remove var from the environment forcommand-Evar=val put var=val in the environment forcommand-p pid trace process with process id PID, may be repeated-u username run command as username handling setuid and/or setgidMiscellaneous:-denable debug output to stderr-v verbose mode: print unabbreviated argv, stat, termios, etc. args-h print help message-V print version# strace -f ./test
1.4. 查看 so/bin 中字符串
# strings -h
Usage: strings [option(s)][file(s)]Display printable strings in[file(s)](stdin by default)The options are:-a - --all Scan the entire file, not just the data section [default]-d--data Only scan the data sections in the file-f --print-file-name Print the name of the file before each string-n--bytes=[number] Locate & print any NUL-terminated sequence of at-<number> least [number] characters (default 4).-t--radix={o,d,x} Print the location of the string in base 8, 10 or 16-w --include-all-whitespace Include all whitespace as valid string characters-o An aliasfor--radix=o-T--target=<BFDNAME> Specify the binary fileformat-e--encoding={s,S,b,l,B,L} Select character size and endianness:s =7-bit, S =8-bit, {b,l}=16-bit, {B,L}=32-bit-s --output-separator=<string> String used to separate strings in output.@<file> Read options from <file>-h--help Display this information-v-V--version Print the program's version number
strings: supported targets: elf64-x86-64 elf32-i386 elf32-iamcu elf32-x86-64 a.out-i386-linux pei-i386 pei-x86-64 elf64-l1om elf64-k1om elf64-little elf64-big elf32-little elf32-big pe-x86-64 pe-bigobj-x86-64 pe-i386 plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex
Report bugs to <http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/># stirngs -a test.so |grep conf --color
