当前位置：首页 > news >正文

Three.js使用WebWorker进行八叉树碰撞检测

news 2025/8/3 11:42:44

经过一番探索后还是采用了整个碰撞检测都交给worker来做原因
如果是小的模型还是不需要这么做的 js线程足够处理构建时的开销

步骤

将需要被检测的物体集合转换成可以背worker接收的结构化数据
发送给worker worker将结构化的数据转换成有效的Three元素集合并对其构建八叉树fromGraphNode
构建完成八叉树结构后主线程发送胶囊体(或射线、球形)的信息到worker中 worker中根据碰撞体的信息构建有效的碰撞体
将检测结果返回

代码

结构化物体数据并传递到worker

const modelStruct = ModelTranslate.generateWorkerStruct(obj);
this.worker.postMessage({ type: "build", modelStruct });

worker接收并转换成有效的数据并进行八叉树构建

onmessage = function (e) {switch (e.data.type) {case "build":const model = ModelTranslate.parseWorkerStruct(e.data.modelStruct);buildFromGraphNode.fromGraphNode(model);break;
};

主线程发送胶囊体的信息到worker中

this.playerCollider = new Capsule();
//...
this.worker.postMessage({type: "collider",collider: this.playerCollider,});

worker中根据碰撞体的信息构建有效的碰撞体将检测结果返回

onmessage = function (e) {switch (e.data.type) {case "build":const model = ModelTranslate.parseWorkerStruct(e.data.modelStruct);buildFromGraphNode.fromGraphNode(model);break;case "collider":buildFromGraphNode.collider(e.data.collider);break;}
};

webWorker代码

/** @Author: hongbin* @Date: 2023-02-25 12:06:52* @LastEditors: hongbin* @LastEditTime: 2023-02-26 19:21:06* @Description: 八叉树构建worker*/
import { Capsule } from "three/examples/jsm/math/Capsule";
import { Octree } from "../expand/Octree";
import { ModelTranslate } from "./ModelTranslate";class BuildFromGraphNode {worldOctree!: Octree;playerCollider!: Capsule;constructor() {this.init();}init() {this.playerCollider = new Capsule();this.worldOctree = new Octree();}collider({start,end,radius,}: {start: { x: number; y: number; z: number };end: { x: number; y: number; z: number };radius: number;}) {this.playerCollider.start.set(start.x, start.y, start.z);this.playerCollider.end.set(end.x, end.y, end.z);this.playerCollider.radius = radius;const result = this.worldOctree.capsuleIntersect(this.playerCollider);postMessage({type: "colliderResult",result,});}fromGraphNode(obj: Object3D) {const start = performance.now();this.worldOctree.fromGraphNode(obj);postMessage({type: "graphNodeBuildComplete",msg: `构建八叉树结构成功 用时 ${performance.now() - start}`,// graphNode: this.worldOctree,});}
}const buildFromGraphNode = new BuildFromGraphNode();/*** 监听主线程发来的数信息*/
onmessage = function (e) {switch (e.data.type) {case "connect":postMessage({msg: "连接成功",});break;case "build":const model = ModelTranslate.parseWorkerStruct(e.data.modelStruct);buildFromGraphNode.fromGraphNode(model);break;case "collider":buildFromGraphNode.collider(e.data.collider);break;}
};export {};

八叉树控制器代码

/** @Author: hongbin* @Date: 2023-02-02 13:37:11* @LastEditors: hongbin* @LastEditTime: 2023-02-26 19:23:22* @Description: 八叉树控制器*/
import * as THREE from "three";
import { Sphere, Vector3 } from "three";
import { Capsule } from "../expand/Capsule";
import { Octree } from "../expand/Octree";
import { Octree as WorkerOctree } from "../expand/WorkerOctree";
import { ThreeHelper } from "@/src/ThreeHelper";
import { OctreeHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/OctreeHelper";
import { ModelTranslate } from "../worker/ModelTranslate";interface VVector3 {x: number;y: number;z: number;
}interface IWorkerSubTree {box: {isBox3: true;max: VVector3;min: VVector3;};triangles: { a: VVector3; b: VVector3; c: VVector3 }[];subTrees: IWorkerSubTree[];
}export class OctreeControls {private worldOctree: Octree;private worldWorldOctree?: WorkerOctree;playerCollider: Capsule;playerOnFloor = false;/** 构建八叉树完成 **/buildComplete = false;private _collide = (result: any) => {};private _player?: Object3D;private _box = new THREE.Box3();private worker?: Worker;private _normal = new Vector3();// octreeHelper: OctreeHelper;constructor() {this.worldOctree = new Octree();this.playerCollider = new Capsule();//@ts-ignore// this.octreeHelper = new OctreeHelper(this.worldOctree, 0xff0);this.useWebWorker();}/*** 碰撞回调*/collide(_collide: (result?: { normal: Vector3; depth: number }) => void) {this._collide = _collide;}/*** 与球体进行碰撞*/sphereCollider(sphere: Sphere) {const result = this.worldOctree.sphereIntersect(sphere);return result;}handleCollider(result: ReturnType<typeof this.worldOctree["capsuleIntersect"]>) {this.playerOnFloor = false;if (result) {this.playerOnFloor = result.normal.y > 0;}if (this.isLog) {console.log(result, this.playerOnFloor);}this._collide(result);}/*** 碰撞检测*/playerCollisions() {if (!this.buildComplete) return (this.playerOnFloor = true);// 如果启用了webworker 交给worker处理if (this.worker) {this.worker.postMessage({type: "collider",collider: this.playerCollider,});return;}const world = this.worldWorldOctree? this.worldWorldOctree: this.worldOctree;const result = world.capsuleIntersect(this.playerCollider);this.handleCollider(result);}private isLog = false;console(gui: ThreeHelper["gui"]) {const plane = {log: () => {this.isLog = !this.isLog;},helper: () => {this.helper();},};gui?.add(plane, "log").name("打印八叉树检测结果");gui?.add(plane, "helper").name("查看八叉树碰撞体");}private _translate = (v: Vector3) => {};onTranslate(call: typeof this._translate) {this._translate = call;}/*** 增量更新胶囊体的位置* 应同步人物的移动*/translatePlayerCollider(v: Vector3) {this.playerCollider.translate(v);this._translate(v);}playerBox3() {return this._box;}helper() {if (!this._player) return;const radius = this.playerCollider.radius;const start = this.playerCollider.start;const end = this.playerCollider.end;{const mesh = ThreeHelper.instance.generateRect({width: 0.1,height: 0.01,depth: 0.01,},{ color: 0x00ffa0 });mesh.position.copy(this.playerCollider.start);// mesh.position.y -= radius;ThreeHelper.instance.add(mesh);}{const mesh = ThreeHelper.instance.generateRect({width: 0.1,height: 0.01,depth: 0.01,},{ color: 0xff3a00 });mesh.position.copy(this.playerCollider.end);// mesh.position.y += radius;ThreeHelper.instance.add(mesh);}{this._player.updateWorldMatrix(false, false);const Capsule = new THREE.Group();Capsule.applyMatrix4(this._player.matrixWorld);const length = start.clone().sub(end).length();const geometry = new THREE.CapsuleGeometry(radius, length, 4, 8);const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color: 0x00ff00,wireframe: true,});const capsule = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);Capsule.add(capsule);Capsule.position.y += length / 2 + radius;// this._player.add(Capsule);ThreeHelper.instance.add(Capsule);}}/*** 计算碰撞体的胶囊体(碰撞范围 胶囊的高度 和半径)*/computeCollider() {if (!this._player) throw new Error("未执行 player() 方法");const size = this._player.userData._size;// 半径取 宽和长 大的一侧const radius = Math.max(size.x, size.z) / 2;const { x, y, z } = this._player.position;const collider = {// 头start: new THREE.Vector3(x, y + size.y - radius, z),// 脚end: new THREE.Vector3(x, y + radius - 0.01, z),radius,};return collider;}/*** 传入玩家对象 计算玩家胶囊体的数据*/player(obj: Object3D) {this._player = obj;const defaultCollider = this.computeCollider();this.playerCollider.start.copy(defaultCollider.start);this.playerCollider.end.copy(defaultCollider.end);this.playerCollider.radius = defaultCollider.radius;}/*** 根据传入对象构建该对象的八叉树结构* 模型越大越耗时*/fromGraphNode(obj: Object3D, call?: VoidFunction) {if (this.worker) {const modelStruct = ModelTranslate.generateWorkerStruct(obj);this.worker.postMessage({ type: "build", modelStruct });} else {this.worldOctree.fromGraphNode(obj);console.log(this.worldOctree);// this.octreeHelper.update();this.buildComplete = true;call && call();}}/*** 格式化从web worker中拿到的八叉树结构* 开销也非常大虽然只是格式转变但要便利的次数依然十分庞大还是会对线程造成堵塞*/formatSubTrees(subTree: IWorkerSubTree) {const octree = new Octree();const min = new THREE.Vector3().copy(subTree.box.min as Vector3);const max = new THREE.Vector3().copy(subTree.box.max as Vector3);octree["box"] = new THREE.Box3(min, max);octree["triangles"] = subTree.triangles.map((triangle) => {const a = new THREE.Vector3().copy(triangle.a as Vector3);const b = new THREE.Vector3().copy(triangle.b as Vector3);const c = new THREE.Vector3().copy(triangle.c as Vector3);return new THREE.Triangle(a, b, c);});octree.subTrees = subTree.subTrees.map((subTree) =>this.formatSubTrees(subTree));return octree;}/*** 使用从web worker 构建的八叉树结构*/updateGraphNode(subTree: IWorkerSubTree, call?: VoidFunction) {// const Octree = this.formatSubTrees(subTrees);this.worldWorldOctree = new WorkerOctree(subTree);this.buildComplete = true;call && call();}/*** 使用webWorker进行八叉树构建、检测*/useWebWorker() {/** 构建八叉树的web worker */const worker = new Worker(new URL("../worker/OctreeBuild.ts", import.meta.url));worker.onmessage = (e) => {this.worker = worker;if (e.data.type === "graphNodeBuildComplete") {console.log("八叉树构建完成", e.data);this.buildComplete = true;} else if (e.data.type == "colliderResult") {if (e.data.result) {const { normal } = e.data.result;this._normal.copy(normal);e.data.result.normal = this._normal;}this.handleCollider(e.data.result);if (this.isLog) {console.log(e.data);}}};worker.postMessage({ type: "connect" });worker.onerror = (err) => {console.error("work出错:", err, err.message);};}
}

主线程使用八叉树控制器代码

//初始化
const octreeControls = new OctreeControls();
//构建八叉树
octreeControls.fromGraphNode(group);//碰撞检测回调
octreeControls.collide((result) => {// 碰撞的方向 * 深度if (result) {const v = result.normal.multiplyScalar(result.depth);v.y -= 0.0001;//根据碰撞的方向和深度 移动人物和碰撞题ObserverControl.translate(v);}});
//逐帧检测
octreeControls.playerCollisions();