当前位置：首页 > news >正文

Spring底层原理(三)

news 2025/9/15 9:30:28

Spring底层原理(三)

`Bean`的生命周期

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);context.close();}
}@Slf4j
@Component
public class LifeCycleBean {public LifeCycleBean(){log.info("构造");}@Autowiredpublic void autowire(@Value("${JAVA_HOME}") String home){log.info("依赖注入:{}",home);}@PostConstructpublic void init(){log.info("初始化");}@PreDestroypublic void destroy(){log.info("销毁");}
}

启动容器后会得到以下结果

在这里插入图片描述

Bean的生命周期为:构造方法 -> 依赖注入->初始化 ->销毁

与Bean生命周期相关的后置处理器

PostProcessor中文意思为后置处理器

InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor与DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor都是BeanPostProcessor的子接口

@Slf4j
@Component
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor, DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor {@Overridepublic void postProcessBeforeDestruction(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.info("<<<< 销毁前执行，如@PreDestory");}}@Overridepublic Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.debug("<<<< 实例化之前执行，这里返回的对象会替换掉原本的bean");}return null;}@Overridepublic boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.debug("<<<< 实例化后执行，这里返回false会跳过依赖注入阶段");}return true;}@Overridepublic PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.debug("<<<< 依赖注入阶段执行，如@Autowired、@Value、@Resource");}return pvs;}@Overridepublic Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.debug("<<<< 初始化之前执行，这里返回的对象会替换掉原本的bean,如@PostConstruct、@ConfigurationProperties");}return bean;}@Overridepublic Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("lifeCycleBean")){log.debug("<<<< 初始化之后执行，这里返回的对象会替换掉原本的bean,如代理增强");}return bean;}
}

在这里插入图片描述

`Bean`后置处理器与模板方法模式

public class MethodTemplateTest {public static void main(String[] args) {MyBeanFactory factory = new MyBeanFactory();factory.addProcessor(bean -> System.out.println("解析@Autowired"));factory.addProcessor(bean -> System.out.println("解析@Resources"));factory.getBean();}static class MyBeanFactory {private List<BeanPostProcessor> processors = new ArrayList<>();public void addProcessor(BeanPostProcessor postProcessor) {processors.add(postProcessor);}public Object getBean() {Object bean = new Object();System.out.println("构造:" + bean);System.out.println("依赖注入:" + bean);for (BeanPostProcessor processor : processors) {processor.inject(bean);}System.out.println("初始化:" + bean);return bean;}}interface BeanPostProcessor {void inject(Object bean);//对依赖注入阶段进行拓展}
}

将代码中不确定的部分抽象成接口，供后续拓展

常见的`bean`后置处理器

public class A4Application {public static void main(String[] args) {//GenericApplicationContext是一个干净的容器，没有添加BeanFactory后置处理器和Bean后置处理器GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();//注册beancontext.registerBean("bean1",Bean1.class);context.registerBean("bean2",Bean2.class);context.registerBean("bean3",Bean3.class);//初始化容器context.refresh();//执行beanFactory后置处理器，添加bean后置处理器,初始化所有单例bean//销毁容器context.close();}
}

添加AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

context.getDefaultListableBeanFactory().setAutowireCandidateResolver(new    ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
context.registerBean(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);

ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver:用于支持解析@Value
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:该处理器用于解析@Autowired @Value

在这里插入图片描述

添加CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

context.registerBean(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);

CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:用于解析@Resurce @PostConstruct @PreDestroy

ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.register(context);

ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor:用于解析@ConfigurationProperties

`Autowired`后处理器执行分析

AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor processor = new AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
processor.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);//需要从容器中查找依赖
Bean1 bean1 = new Bean1();
System.out.println(bean1);//Bean1{bean2=null, bean3=null, home='null'}
//参数1：需要注入的值，null则从容器中获取 参数2:被注入的目标
processor.postProcessProperties(null,bean1,"bean1");

在这里插入图片描述

通过反射访问InjectionMetadata中的信息

Method findAutowiringMetadata = AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class.getDeclaredMethod("findAutowiringMetadata", String.class, Class.class, PropertyValues.class);
findAutowiringMetadata.setAccessible(true);
InjectionMetadata metadata = (InjectionMetadata) findAutowiringMetadata.invoke(processor, "bean1", Bean1.class, null);//获取bean1上加了@Value @Autowired的成员变量 方法参数信息

在这里插入图片描述

如何查找依赖?

//根据field获取field对应的type,然后容factory中查找
Field bean3 = Bean1.class.getDeclaredField("bean3");
DependencyDescriptor dd1 = new DependencyDescriptor(bean3, false);
Object o = beanFactory.doResolveDependency(dd1, null, null, null);
//根据方法参数查找依赖
Method setBean2 = Bean1.class.getDeclaredMethod("setBean2", Bean2.class);
//创建依赖描述器，按照方法参数查找依赖，需要一个MethodParameter对象，参数2为参数的索引
DependencyDescriptor dd2 = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(setBean2, 0), true);
Object o2 = beanFactory.doResolveDependency(dd2, null, null, null);//匹配@Value
Method setHome = Bean1.class.getDeclaredMethod("setHome", String.class);
DependencyDescriptor dd3 = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(setHome, 0), true);
Object o3 = beanFactory.doResolveDependency(dd3, null, null, null);