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异常信息记录入库

news 2025/8/8 18:43:46

方案介绍

将异常信息放在日志里面，如果磁盘定期清理，会导致很久之前的日志丢失，因此考虑将日志中的异常信息存在表里，方便后期查看定位问题。
由于项目是基于SpringBoot构架的，所以采用@AdviceController+@ExceptionHandler对全局异常进行拦截和处理，而后将异常信息通过异步任务的方式记录到数据库，之所以采用异步任务，是防止异常记录出现问题影响主流程：

方案实现

定义异常处理表

CREATE TABLE exception_log_t (id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键id',msg varchar(1024) NOT NULL COMMENT '异常信息',stack_trace text DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '异常堆栈信息',create_by bigint(10) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人',creation_date datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '异常发生时间',PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='异常信息日志表';

GlobalExceptionHandler带有@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler注解，可以拦截异常并处理，同时组装异常记录信息给异步任务进行记录

@ControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {/*** 处理自定义异常*/@ExceptionHandler(value = CommonException.class)@ResponseBodypublic BasicResponse bizExceptionHandler(CommonException e) {log.error("CommonException error info:", e);recordExceptionMsg(e);return BasicResponse.commonError(e);}/*** 处理其他异常*/@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)@ResponseBodypublic BasicResponse exceptionHandler(Exception e) {log.error("Exception error info:", e);recordExceptionMsg(e);return BasicResponse.errorWithMsg(e.getMessage());}/*** 处理自定义异常*/@ExceptionHandler(value = IllegalStateException.class)@ResponseBodypublic BasicResponse IllegalStateExceptionHandler(IllegalStateException e) {log.error("IllegalStateException error info:", e);recordExceptionMsg(e);return BasicResponse.errorWithMsg(e.getMessage());}/*** 处理NoSuchAlgorithmException异常*/@ExceptionHandler(value = NoSuchAlgorithmException.class)@ResponseBodypublic BasicResponse NoSuchAlgorithmExceptionHandler(NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {log.error("NoSuchAlgorithmException error info:", e);recordExceptionMsg(e);return BasicResponse.errorWithMsg(e.getMessage());}/*** 组装异常记录信息*/private <T extends Exception> void recordExceptionMsg(T ex) {String exStackTrace = "";try {exStackTrace = getExStackTrace(ex);} catch (IOException e) {log.error("get exception stack track info error:", e);}String message = ex.getMessage();if (message.length() > 1024) {message = message.substring(0, 1024);}ExceptionMsgPo exceptionMsgPo = ExceptionMsgPo.builder().msg(message).stackTrace(exStackTrace).creationDate(new Date()).createBy(UserContext.getUserId()).build();AsyncRecordExceptionMsg asyncRecordExMsg = AppContextUtil.getBean(AsyncRecordExceptionMsg.class);// 调用异步任务入库asyncRecordExMsg.recordExceptionMsgTask(exceptionMsgPo);}private <T extends Exception> String getExStackTrace(T ex) throws IOException {//读取异常堆栈信息ByteArrayOutputStream arrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();ex.printStackTrace(new PrintStream(arrayOutputStream));//通过字节数组转换输入输出流BufferedReader fr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new ByteArrayInputStream(arrayOutputStream.toByteArray())));String str;StringBuilder exceptionSb = new StringBuilder();while ((str = fr.readLine()) != null) {exceptionSb.append(str);exceptionSb.append("\n");}return exceptionSb.toString();}
}

异步任务记录异常比较简单, 就调用IExceptionMsgMapper进行入库

@Component
@Slf4j
public class AsyncRecordExceptionMsg {@Autowiredprivate IExceptionMsgMapper exceptionMsgMapper;@Async("asyncPoolTaskExecutor")public void recordExceptionMsgTask(ExceptionMsgPo exceptionMsgPo){log.info("begin to do recordExceptionMsgTask");exceptionMsgMapper.insert(exceptionMsgPo);log.info("end of recordExceptionMsgTask");}
}

需要注意的是，@Async异步任务虽然方便，但是要注意控制线程数量，避免线程耗尽资源， @Async("asyncPoolTaskExecutor")中的asyncPoolTaskExecutor将线程池定义如下：

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class SyncConfiguration {@Bean(name = "asyncPoolTaskExecutor")public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor() {ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();//核心线程数taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(10);//线程池维护线程的最大数量,只有在缓冲队列满了之后才会申请超过核心线程数的线程taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(100);//缓存队列taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(50);//许的空闲时间,当超过了核心线程出之外的线程在空闲时间到达之后会被销毁taskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(200);//异步方法内部线程名称taskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("async-task-");/*** 当线程池的任务缓存队列已满并且线程池中的线程数目达到maximumPoolSize，如果还有任务到来就会采取任务拒绝策略* 通常有以下四种策略：* ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy:丢弃任务并抛出RejectedExecutionException异常。* ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy：也是丢弃任务，但是不抛出异常。* ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy：丢弃队列最前面的任务，然后重新尝试执行任务（重复此过程）* ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy：重试添加当前的任务，自动重复调用 execute() 方法，直到成功*/taskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());taskExecutor.initialize();return taskExecutor;}
}

ExceptionMsgPo定义

@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@TableName("exception_log_t")
public class ExceptionMsgPo {@TableId(value="id",type = IdType.AUTO)private Long id;@TableField("msg")private String msg;@TableField("stack_trace")private String stackTrace;@TableField("create_by")protected Long createBy;@TableField("creation_date")@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")private Date creationDate;
}