【入门】.Net Core 6 WebApi 项目搭建

一、创建项目

1.1.创建新项目：打开开发工具>创建新项目>搜索API>选择C#语言的ASP.NET Core Web API

1.2.配置新项目：**自定义项目信息以及存储路径

1.3.其他信息：这里框架必须选择.NET 6.0,其他配置默认勾选即可，也可以根据自己的需求进行更改

1.4.创建完成之后就得到了一个最基础的Core6项目框架代码

Program.cs就是该项目程序的配置，在Core6中Program.cs 集成了 Startup.cs 的配置
项目结构分析，.net6中删除了startup.cs，整合到了Program.cs

创建Controller

可以先将系统默认创建的WeatherForecastController.cs和WeatherForecast.cs进行删除，然后在controller文件夹新建一个控制器，命名：UserController.cs

 在UserController中增加一个Hello的get方式的接口方法，返回"你好世界"，通过请求api/user/hello来获取该接口的结果

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;namespace WebApplication1.Controllers
{[Route("api/[controller]")][ApiController]public class UserController : ControllerBase{[HttpGet("[action]")]public IActionResult SayHello(){return new JsonResult("Hello World");}}
}

点击运行后，开发工具会自动编译后启动。
会生成一个exe文件并自动运行，运行成功后会打开浏览器进行查看

总结

其实项目的创建以及控制器的创建和 core3是一致，只是.Net Core 6 给我的感觉就是比以往的版本更精简。可以将Swagger在创建项目时直接生成，而不需要手动的去配置

建立数据库连接（SQLServer）

二、读取appsettings.json

使用Nuget安装
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Binder
根据自己的开发环境选择合适的版本进行安装
 

2.1、修改Program.cs
①在 var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); 前增加

using WebApplication1.Helper;//获取当前环境：提供两种方法
//方法一
//① var env = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
//从env中获取环境
//② var envName = env["ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT"];
//方法二
//var env2 = WebApplication.CreateBuilder().Environment.EnvironmentName;
//读取配置文件
//IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env2}.json").Build();//读取配置文件IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("appsettings.json").Build();var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);// Add services to the container.builder.Services.AddControllers();
// Learn more about configuring Swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();var app = builder.Build();// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{app.UseSwagger();app.UseSwaggerUI();
}app.UseHttpsRedirection();app.UseAuthorization();app.MapControllers();app.Run();

②在 var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); 后增加

using WebApplication1.Helper;//获取当前环境：提供两种方法
//方法一
//① var env = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
//从env中获取环境
//② var envName = env["ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT"];
//方法二
//var env2 = WebApplication.CreateBuilder().Environment.EnvironmentName;
//读取配置文件
//IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env2}.json").Build();//读取配置文件IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("appsettings.json").Build();var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);builder.Services.AddSingleton(new Appsettings(configuration));// Add services to the container.builder.Services.AddControllers();
// Learn more about configuring Swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();var app = builder.Build();// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{app.UseSwagger();app.UseSwaggerUI();
}app.UseHttpsRedirection();app.UseAuthorization();app.MapControllers();app.Run();

③读取
appsettings.json 代码

{"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*","AppSettings": {//数据库连接字符串"ConnectionString": "Server=127.0.0.1;User Id=用户id;Password=密码;Database=数据库名称;"}}

1、新建控制器，配置api路由

3 编写代码

配置数据库连接

{/*"ConnectionStrings": {"DefaultConnection": "Server=localhost;Database=MyInventorySystem;User ID=sa;Password=123456;Trusted_Connection=True;"},
*/// "Constr": "Data Source=127.0.0.1;Database=TestBase;Uid=sa;Pwd=123", //添加数据库的连接地址"Constr": "Data Source=aliworks.cn,57468;Database=DBAliTemp;Uid=test_db;Pwd=alibaba123456", //添加数据库的连接地址"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*"}