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gRPC之proto数据验证

news 2025/6/27 20:12:38

1、proto数据验证

本篇将介绍grpc_validator，它可以对gRPC数据的输入和输出进行验证。

这里复用上一篇文章的代码。

1.1 创建proto文件，添加验证规则

这里使用第三方插件go-proto-validators 自动生成验证规则。

地址：https://github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators

$ go get github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators

1.1.1 新建simple.proto文件

syntax = "proto3";
package proto;
option go_package = "./proto;proto";// validator.proto是github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators/validator.proto
import "validator.proto";message InnerMessage {// some_integer can only be in range (1, 100).int32 some_integer = 1 [(validator.field) = {int_gt: 0, int_lt: 100}];// some_float can only be in range (0;1).double some_float = 2 [(validator.field) = {float_gte: 0, float_lte: 1}];
}message OuterMessage {// important_string must be a lowercase alpha-numeric of 5 to 30 characters (RE2 syntax).string important_string = 1 [(validator.field) = {regex: "^[a-z]{2,5}$"}];// proto3 doesn't have `required`, the `msg_exist` enforces presence of InnerMessage.InnerMessage inner = 2 [(validator.field) = {msg_exists: true}];
}service Simple {rpc Route (InnerMessage) returns (OuterMessage) {};
}

validator.proto文件内容：

// Copyright 2016 Michal Witkowski. All Rights Reserved.
// See LICENSE for licensing terms.// Protocol Buffers extensions for defining auto-generateable validators for messages.// TODO(mwitkow): Add example.syntax = "proto2";
package validator;import "google/protobuf/descriptor.proto";option go_package = "github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators;validator";// TODO(mwitkow): Email protobuf-global-extension-registry@google.com to get an extension ID.extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {optional FieldValidator field = 65020;
}extend google.protobuf.OneofOptions {optional OneofValidator oneof = 65021;
}message FieldValidator {// Uses a Golang RE2-syntax regex to match the field contents.optional string regex = 1;// Field value of integer strictly greater than this value.optional int64 int_gt = 2;// Field value of integer strictly smaller than this value.optional int64 int_lt = 3;// Used for nested message types, requires that the message type exists.optional bool msg_exists = 4;// Human error specifies a user-customizable error that is visible to the user.optional string human_error = 5;// Field value of double strictly greater than this value.// Note that this value can only take on a valid floating point// value. Use together with float_epsilon if you need something more specific.optional double float_gt = 6;// Field value of double strictly smaller than this value.// Note that this value can only take on a valid floating point// value. Use together with float_epsilon if you need something more specific.optional double float_lt = 7;// Field value of double describing the epsilon within which// any comparison should be considered to be true. For example,// when using float_gt = 0.35, using a float_epsilon of 0.05// would mean that any value above 0.30 is acceptable. It can be// thought of as a {float_value_condition} +- {float_epsilon}.// If unset, no correction for floating point inaccuracies in// comparisons will be attempted.optional double float_epsilon = 8;// Floating-point value compared to which the field content should be greater or equal.optional double float_gte = 9;// Floating-point value compared to which the field content should be smaller or equal.optional double float_lte = 10;// Used for string fields, requires the string to be not empty (i.e different from "").optional bool string_not_empty = 11;// Repeated field with at least this number of elements.optional int64 repeated_count_min = 12;// Repeated field with at most this number of elements.optional int64 repeated_count_max = 13;// Field value of length greater than this value.optional int64 length_gt = 14;// Field value of length smaller than this value.optional int64 length_lt = 15;// Field value of length strictly equal to this value.optional int64 length_eq = 16;// Requires that the value is in the enum.optional bool is_in_enum = 17;// Ensures that a string value is in UUID format.// uuid_ver specifies the valid UUID versions. Valid values are: 0-5.// If uuid_ver is 0 all UUID versions are accepted.optional int32 uuid_ver = 18;
}message OneofValidator {// Require that one of the oneof fields is set.optional bool required = 1;
}

1.1.2 编译simple.proto文件

$ go get github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators/protoc-gen-govalidators
$ go install github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators/protoc-gen-govalidators

$ protoc --govalidators_out=. --go_out=plugins=grpc:. simple.proto

编译完成后，自动生成simple.pb.go和simple.validator.pb.go文件，simple.pb.go文件不再介绍，我们

看下simple.validator.pb.go文件。

// Code generated by protoc-gen-gogo. DO NOT EDIT.
// source: simple.protopackage protoimport (fmt "fmt"math "math"proto "github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"_ "github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators"regexp "regexp"github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators "github.com/mwitkow/go-proto-validators"
)// Reference imports to suppress errors if they are not otherwise used.
var _ = proto.Marshal
var _ = fmt.Errorf
var _ = math.Inffunc (this *InnerMessage) Validate() error {if !(this.SomeInteger > 0) {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("SomeInteger", fmt.Errorf(`value '%v' must be greater than '0'`, this.SomeInteger))}if !(this.SomeInteger < 100) {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("SomeInteger", fmt.Errorf(`value '%v' must be less than '100'`, this.SomeInteger))}if !(this.SomeFloat >= 0) {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("SomeFloat", fmt.Errorf(`value '%v' must be greater than or equal to '0'`, this.SomeFloat))}if !(this.SomeFloat <= 1) {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("SomeFloat", fmt.Errorf(`value '%v' must be lower than or equal to '1'`, this.SomeFloat))}return nil
}var _regex_OuterMessage_ImportantString = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z]{2,5}$`)func (this *OuterMessage) Validate() error {if !_regex_OuterMessage_ImportantString.MatchString(this.ImportantString) {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("ImportantString", fmt.Errorf(`value '%v' must be a string conforming to regex "^[a-z]{2,5}$"`, this.ImportantString))}if nil == this.Inner {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("Inner", fmt.Errorf("message must exist"))}if this.Inner != nil {if err := github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.CallValidatorIfExists(this.Inner); err != nil {return github_com_mwitkow_go_proto_validators.FieldError("Inner", err)}}return nil
}

里面自动生成了message中属性的验证规则。

1.2 把grpc_validator验证拦截器添加到服务端

package mainimport ("context"grpc_middleware "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware"grpc_auth "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/auth"grpc_zap "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/logging/zap"grpc_recovery "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/recovery"grpc_validator "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/validator"pb "middleware/proto""middleware/server/middleware/auth""middleware/server/middleware/cred""middleware/server/middleware/recovery""middleware/server/middleware/zap""google.golang.org/grpc""log""net"
)// SimpleService 定义我们的服务
type SimpleService struct{}// Route 实现Route方法
func (s *SimpleService) Route(ctx context.Context, req *pb.InnerMessage) (*pb.OuterMessage, error) {res := pb.OuterMessage{ImportantString: "hello grpc validator",Inner:           req,}return &res, nil
}const (// Address 监听地址Address string = ":8000"// Network 网络通信协议Network string = "tcp"
)func main() {// 监听本地端口listener, err := net.Listen(Network, Address)if err != nil {log.Fatalf("net.Listen err: %v", err)}// 新建gRPC服务器实例grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(// TLS+Token认证cred.TLSInterceptor(),grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(// 参数验证grpc_validator.StreamServerInterceptor(),// grpc_zap日志记录grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),// grpc_auth认证grpc_auth.StreamServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),// grpc_recovery恢复grpc_recovery.StreamServerInterceptor(recovery.RecoveryInterceptor()),)),grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(// 参数验证grpc_validator.UnaryServerInterceptor(),// grpc_zap日志记录grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),// grpc_auth认证grpc_auth.UnaryServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),// grpc_recovery恢复grpc_recovery.UnaryServerInterceptor(recovery.RecoveryInterceptor()),)),)// 在gRPC服务器注册我们的服务pb.RegisterSimpleServer(grpcServer, &SimpleService{})log.Println(Address + " net.Listing with TLS and token...")//用服务器 Serve() 方法以及我们的端口信息区实现阻塞等待，直到进程被杀死或者 Stop() 被调用err = grpcServer.Serve(listener)if err != nil {log.Fatalf("grpcServer.Serve err: %v", err)}
}

[root@zsx middleware]# go run server.go
2023/02/11 21:42:01 :8000 net.Listing with TLS and token...

1.3 客户端

package mainimport ("context""middleware/token"pb "middleware/proto""google.golang.org/grpc""google.golang.org/grpc/credentials""log"
)// Address 连接地址
const Address string = ":8000"var grpcClient pb.SimpleClientfunc main() {//从输入的证书文件中为客户端构造TLS凭证creds, err := credentials.NewClientTLSFromFile("./cert/server/server.pem", "test.example.com")if err != nil {log.Fatalf("Failed to create TLS credentials %v", err)}//构建Tokentoken := auth.Token{Value: "bearer grpc.auth.token",}// 连接服务器conn, err := grpc.Dial(Address, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(creds), grpc.WithPerRPCCredentials(&token))if err != nil {log.Fatalf("net.Connect err: %v", err)}defer conn.Close()// 建立gRPC连接grpcClient = pb.NewSimpleClient(conn)route()
}// route 调用服务端Route方法
func route() {// 创建发送结构体req := pb.InnerMessage{SomeInteger: 99,SomeFloat:   1,}// 调用我们的服务(Route方法)// 同时传入了一个 context.Context ，在有需要时可以让我们改变RPC的行为，比如超时/取消一个正在运行的RPCres, err := grpcClient.Route(context.Background(), &req)if err != nil {log.Fatalf("Call Route err: %v", err)}// 打印返回值log.Println(res)
}

[root@zsx middleware]# go run client.go
2023/02/11 21:44:11 important_string:"hello grpc validator" inner:{some_integer:99 some_float:1}

运行后，当输入不符合要求的数据：

// 创建发送结构体
req := pb.InnerMessage{SomeInteger: 199,SomeFloat:   1,
}

验证失败后，会有以下错误返回：

[root@zsx middleware]# go run client.go
2023/02/11 21:45:25 Call Route err: rpc error: code = InvalidArgument desc = invalid field SomeInteger: value '199' must be less than '100'
exit status 1

# 项目结构
$ tree middleware/
middleware/
├── cert
│   ├── ca.crt
│   ├── ca.csr
│   ├── ca.key
│   ├── ca.srl
│   ├── client
│   │   ├── client.csr
│   │   ├── client.key
│   │   └── client.pem
│   ├── openssl.cnf
│   └── server
│       ├── server.csr
│       ├── server.key
│       └── server.pem
├── client.go
├── go.mod
├── go.sum
├── log
│   └── debug.log
├── proto
│   ├── simple.pb.go
│   └── simple.validator.pb.go
├── server
│   └── middleware
│       ├── auth
│       │   └── auth.go
│       ├── cred
│       │   └── cred.go
│       ├── recovery
│       │   └── recovery.go
│       └── zap
│           └── zap.go
├── server.go
├── simple.proto
├── token
│   └── token.go
└── validator.proto12 directories, 25 files

1.3 其他类型验证规则设置

enum验证：

syntax = "proto3";
package proto;
option go_package = "./proto;enum";import "validator.proto";message SomeMsg {Action do = 1 [(validator.field) = {is_in_enum: true}];
}
enum Action {ALLOW = 0;DENY = 1;CHILL = 2;
}

UUID验证：

syntax = "proto3";
package proto;
option go_package = "./proto;uuid";import "validator.proto";message UUIDMsg {// user_id must be a valid version 4 UUID.string user_id = 1 [(validator.field) = {uuid_ver: 4, string_not_empty: true}];
}