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解决M2苹果芯片Mac无法安装python=3.7的虚拟环境

news 2025/8/18 10:29:50

问题描述

conda无法安装python=3.7的虚拟环境：

conda create -n py37 python=3.7

出现错误

(base) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda create -n alas python==3.7.6 -y
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with repodata from current_repodata.json, will retry with next repodata source.
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failedPackagesNotFoundError: The following packages are not available from current channels:- python==3.7.6Current channels:- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/osx-arm64- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/osx-arm64- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/osx-arm64- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarchTo search for alternate channels that may provide the conda package you're
looking for, navigate tohttps://anaconda.organd use the search bar at the top of the page.

查看channel中可安装python的版本

(base) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda search --full --name python
Loading channels: done
# Name                       Version           Build  Channel             
python                        3.8.11      hbdb9e5c_5  pkgs/main           
python                        3.8.13      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.8.13      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.8.15      h266c4f5_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.8.15      hc0d8a6c_2  pkgs/main           
python                         3.9.6      hc70090a_5  pkgs/main           
python                         3.9.7      hc70090a_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.11      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.11      hbdb9e5c_2  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.12      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.12      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.13      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.13      hbdb9e5c_2  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.15      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.9.15      hc0d8a6c_2  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.0      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.0      hbdb9e5c_2  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.0      hbdb9e5c_3  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.0      hbdb9e5c_5  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.3      hbdb9e5c_5  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.4      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.6      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.6      hbdb9e5c_1  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.8      hbdb9e5c_0  pkgs/main           
python                        3.10.8      hc0d8a6c_1  pkgs/main

发现channel中最低版本为3.8.11

问题原因

根据Stackoverflow上面的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70205633/cannot-install-python-3-7-on-osx-arm64
以及CSDN问答：https://ask.csdn.net/questions/7631935
原因应该是（机翻）：
当Apple Silicon投放市场时，Python 3.8已经发布了大约一年的时间，因此用于osx-arm64的Python 3.7构建从来不是Conda Forge常规构建矩阵的一部分。
在Apple Silicon系统上使用3.7的直接替代方法是使用Rosetta模拟x86_64，或者使用容器系统，例如Docker。
长期来看，您可以尝试请求python-feedstock包含osx-arm64的3.7版本。然而，从技术上讲，3.7.12(2021年9月)是最终的特性版本，现在已经进入了仅维护阶段(参见PEP 537)。此外，其他构建特定于python版本的变体的包不会为osx-arm64构建，因此即使有python=3.7，这些包也不会在那里(至少不会通过Conda)。基本上，我不认为有人会接受这个。

解决办法

用罗赛塔转换成X86架构来运行这个。

## 创建一个空的环境
conda create -n py37## 启动该环境
conda activate py37## 使用x86_64 architecture channel(s)
conda config --env --set subdir osx-64## 安装python3.7之类的操作  install python, numpy, etc. (add more packages here...)
conda install python=3.7

实例

(base) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda create -n alas               
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==current version: 22.9.0latest version: 22.11.0Please update conda by running$ conda update -n base -c defaults conda## Package Plan ##environment location: /Users/yuki/opt/anaconda3/envs/alasProceed ([y]/n)? yPreparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
#     $ conda activate alas
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
#     $ conda deactivateRetrieving notices: ...working... done
(base) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda activas alasCommandNotFoundError: No command 'conda activas'.
Did you mean 'conda activate'?(base) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda activate alas
(alas) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda config --env --set subdir osx-64
(alas) ➜  AzurLaneAutoScript git:(master) conda install python=3.7.6    
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==current version: 22.9.0latest version: 22.11.0Please update conda by running$ conda update -n base -c defaults conda## Package Plan ##environment location: /Users/yuki/opt/anaconda3/envs/alasadded / updated specs:- python=3.7.6The following packages will be downloaded:package                    |            build---------------------------|-----------------ca-certificates-2022.10.11 |       hecd8cb5_0         125 KB  defaultscertifi-2022.9.24          |   py37hecd8cb5_0         155 KB  defaultslibcxx-14.0.6              |       h9765a3e_0         968 KB  defaultslibedit-3.1.20210910       |       hca72f7f_0         139 KB  defaultslibffi-3.2.1               |                1          37 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/freencurses-6.3                |       hca72f7f_3         857 KB  defaultsopenssl-1.1.1s             |       hca72f7f_0         2.8 MB  defaultspip-22.2.2                 |   py37hecd8cb5_0         2.3 MB  defaultspython-3.7.6               |       h359304d_2        19.8 MB  defaultsreadline-7.0               |       h1de35cc_5         316 KB  defaultssetuptools-65.5.0          |   py37hecd8cb5_0         1.1 MB  defaultssqlite-3.33.0              |       hffcf06c_0         1.3 MB  defaultstk-8.6.11                  |       h7bc2e8c_0         3.0 MB  defaultsxz-5.2.8                   |       h6c40b1e_0         262 KB  defaultszlib-1.2.11                |                0          98 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free------------------------------------------------------------Total:        33.2 MBThe following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:ca-certificates    pkgs/main/osx-64::ca-certificates-2022.10.11-hecd8cb5_0 Nonecertifi            pkgs/main/osx-64::certifi-2022.9.24-py37hecd8cb5_0 Nonelibcxx             pkgs/main/osx-64::libcxx-14.0.6-h9765a3e_0 Nonelibedit            pkgs/main/osx-64::libedit-3.1.20210910-hca72f7f_0 Nonelibffi             anaconda/pkgs/free/osx-64::libffi-3.2.1-1 Nonencurses            pkgs/main/osx-64::ncurses-6.3-hca72f7f_3 Noneopenssl            pkgs/main/osx-64::openssl-1.1.1s-hca72f7f_0 Nonepip                pkgs/main/osx-64::pip-22.2.2-py37hecd8cb5_0 Nonepython             pkgs/main/osx-64::python-3.7.6-h359304d_2 Nonereadline           pkgs/main/osx-64::readline-7.0-h1de35cc_5 Nonesetuptools         pkgs/main/osx-64::setuptools-65.5.0-py37hecd8cb5_0 Nonesqlite             pkgs/main/osx-64::sqlite-3.33.0-hffcf06c_0 Nonetk                 pkgs/main/osx-64::tk-8.6.11-h7bc2e8c_0 Nonewheel              pkgs/main/noarch::wheel-0.37.1-pyhd3eb1b0_0 Nonexz                 pkgs/main/osx-64::xz-5.2.8-h6c40b1e_0 Nonezlib               anaconda/pkgs/free/osx-64::zlib-1.2.11-0 NoneProceed ([y]/n)? yDownloading and Extracting Packages
libedit-3.1.20210910 | 139 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
xz-5.2.8             | 262 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
readline-7.0         | 316 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
certifi-2022.9.24    | 155 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
python-3.7.6         | 19.8 MB   | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
ca-certificates-2022 | 125 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
tk-8.6.11            | 3.0 MB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
libffi-3.2.1         | 37 KB     | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
sqlite-3.33.0        | 1.3 MB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
zlib-1.2.11          | 98 KB     | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
pip-22.2.2           | 2.3 MB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
libcxx-14.0.6        | 968 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
ncurses-6.3          | 857 KB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
setuptools-65.5.0    | 1.1 MB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
openssl-1.1.1s       | 2.8 MB    | ############################################################################################################## | 100% 
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
Retrieving notices: ...working... done