djangoMTV初探
1.restful请求方式
一个视图对应多个操作（增删改查）
老的方式
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,request,QueryDict, JsonResponse
from myapp.models import User
from django.views.generic import View
# Create your views here.
def user(request):if request.method == "GET":return HttpResponse("获取用户")elif request.method == "POST":name = request.POST.get('name')city = request.POST.get('city')sex = request.POST.get('sex')age = request.POST.get('age')User.objects.create(name=name,city=city,sex=sex,age=age)return HttpResponse("创建用户成功！")elif request.method == "PUT":data = QueryDict(request.body)id = data.get('id')user_obj = User.objects.get(id=id)user_obj.city = data.get('city')user_obj.sex = data.get('sex')user_obj.age = data.get('age')user_obj.save()# 方式2# data = {'city': data.get('city'), 'sex': data.get('sex'), 'age': data.get('age')}# User.objects.filter(id=id).update(**data)res = {'code': 200, 'msg': '更新成功！'}return JsonResponse(res)elif request.method == "DELETE":# request有GET和POST，没有DELETE和PUTdata = QueryDict(request.body)id = data.get('id')try:User.objects.get(id=id).delete()res = {'code': 200, 'msg': '删除用户成功！'}except Exception:res = {'code': 500, 'msg': '删除用户失败！'}return JsonResponse(res)#返回的是json对象，httpresponse返回的是字符串def user_edit(request):id = request.GET.get('id')user_obj = User.objects.get(id=id)return render(request, 'user_edit.html', {'id': id, 'user': user_obj})def user_add(request):return render(request, 'user_add.html')def user_list(request):user_list = User.objects.all()return render(request,'user_list.html',{'user_list': user_list})
# 上面是老式的api请求方式，
user_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>列出所有用户</title><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<button><a href="/myapp/user_add" target="_blank">创建用户</a></button>
<table border="1"><thead><tr><th style="display: none">ID</th><th>姓名</th><th>城市</th><th>性别</th><th>年龄</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody>{% for i in user_list %}<tr><td style="display: none">{{ i.id }}</td><td>{{ i.name }}</td><td>{{ i.city }}</td><td>{{ i.sex }}</td><td>{{ i.age }}</td><td><button><a href="/myapp/user_edit?id={{ i.id }}" target="_blank">编辑</a></button><button id="del" onclick="delUser(this)">删除</button></td></tr>{% endfor %}</tbody>
</table>
<script>function delUser(obj) {confirm = confirm('是否删除该用户？');if (confirm) {id = $(obj).parent().parent().find("td:eq(0)").text(); // 获取button父元素td,再获取td父元素tr，最后获取tr第一个td值data = {'id': id};console.log(id)$.ajax({type: 'DELETE',url: '/myapp/user/',data: data,success: function (result) {if(result.code === 200) {alert(result.msg);#location.reload();} else {alert(result.msg)}}})}}
</script></body>
</html>
user_edit.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>编辑用户</title><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>编辑用户</h2>
<form action="#"><input type="text" name="id" value="{{ user.id }}" style="display: none">姓名：<input type="text" name="name" value="{{ user.name }}"><br>城市：<input type="text" name="city" value="{{ user.city }}"><br>性别：<input type="text" name="sex" value="{{ user.sex }}"><br>年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="{{ user.age }}"><br><input type="button" value="提交" onclick="go()">
</form>
<script>function go() {var id = $('input[name=id]').val();var name = $('input[name=name]').val();var city = $('input[name=city]').val();var sex = $('input[name=sex]').val();var age = $('input[name=age]').val();data = {'id': id, 'name': name, 'city': city, 'sex': sex, 'age': age};$.ajax({type: 'PUT',url: '/myapp/user/',data: data,success: function (result) {if ( result.code === 200 ) {alert(result.msg)}}})}</script>
</body>
</html>
user_add.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>创建用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>创建用户</h2>
<form action="/myapp/user/" method="post">姓名：<input type="text" name="name"><br>城市：<input type="text" name="city"><br>性别：<input type="text" name="sex"><br>年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br><input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
myapp/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
from myapp import viewsurlpatterns = [path('user/',views.user),path('user_list/',views.user_list),path('user_add/',views.user_add),path('user_edit/', views.user_edit)
]
上述是函数视图，if多分支的方式。
用django的类进行替换。