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qt day 5

news 2025/9/9 13:31:59

实现局域网的网络聊天室功能

1>服务器代码

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widget.h
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#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H#include <QWidget>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QListWidget>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QList>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass Widget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Widget();public slots:void connectbtn_slot();void connected_slot();void readyread_slot();private:Ui::Widget *ui;//定义服务器QTcpServer *server;//定义一个链表存放连接的客户端数据QList<QTcpSocket *> client;};
#endif // WIDGET_H
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widget.cpp
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#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);//实例化服务器server = new QTcpServer(this);//连接按钮与对应槽函数connect(ui->connectbtn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::connectbtn_slot);}Widget::~Widget()
{delete ui;
}//按下按钮后启动服务器
void Widget::connectbtn_slot()
{//读取端口号quint16 port = ui->portedit->text().toInt();//设置为监听状态if(!server->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port)){QMessageBox::critical(this,"失败","服务器启动失败");return ;}QMessageBox::information(this,"成功","服务器启动成功");//连接客户端信号与槽函数connect(server,&QTcpServer::newConnection,this,&Widget::connected_slot);
}//客户端连接槽函数
void Widget::connected_slot()
{//获取客户端套接字QTcpSocket *cli = server->nextPendingConnection();//将得到的套接字写入链表client.push_back(cli);//把新套接字与接收信号连接connect(cli,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Widget::readyread_slot);}//有信息写入准备读取
void Widget::readyread_slot()
{//删除已经断开的客户端for(int i = 0;i < client.size();i++){if(client.at(i)->state() == 0){client.removeAt(i);}}//遍历发送数据的客户端for(int i = 0;i < client.size();i++){if(client.at(i)->bytesAvailable() != 0){//读取客户端数据QByteArray msg = client.at(i)->readAll();//将数据写到ui界面中ui->listWidget->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));//将数据发送给所有客户端for(int j = 0;j < client.size();j++){client.at(j)->write(msg);}}}}

2>客户端代码

---------------------------------------------------------------
widget.h
---------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QListWidget>
#include <QMessageBox>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass Widget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Widget();public slots:void connectbtn_slot();void connected_slot();void readyread_slot();void sndbtn_slot();void disconbtn_slot();void disconnect_slot();private:Ui::Widget *ui;//定义一个客户端套接字QTcpSocket *client;//定义一个用户名QString username;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
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widget.h
---------------------------------------------------------------
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);//为客户端套接字实例化空间client = new QTcpSocket(this);//连接按钮与对应槽函数连接connect(ui->connectbtn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::connectbtn_slot);//已连接信号与对应槽函数连接connect(client,&QTcpSocket::connected,this,&Widget::connected_slot);//服务器发送信息信号与对应槽函数连接connect(client,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Widget::readyread_slot);//发送按钮与对应槽函数连接connect(ui->sndbtn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::sndbtn_slot);//断开按钮与对应槽函数connect(ui->disconbtn,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::disconbtn_slot);//断开连接信号与对应槽函数connect(client,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,this,&Widget::disconnect_slot);//设置按钮与编辑框可用ui->disconbtn->setEnabled(0);ui->sndbtn->setEnabled(0);ui->msgedit->setEnabled(0);}Widget::~Widget()
{delete ui;
}//连接按钮槽函数
void Widget::connectbtn_slot()
{//从ui界面读取IP与portQString IP = ui->IPedit->text();quint16 port = ui->portedit->text().toUInt();//连接服务器client->connectToHost(IP,port);
}//已连接槽函数
void Widget::connected_slot()
{//连接完成提示信息QMessageBox::information(this,"成功","成功进入聊天室");//发送xx进入聊天室提示给服务器username = ui->usernameedit->text();QString sndmsg = username + " : 进入聊天室";client->write(sndmsg.toLocal8Bit());//设置按钮与编辑框可用ui->usernameedit->setEnabled(0);ui->IPedit->setEnabled(0);ui->portedit->setEnabled(0);ui->connectbtn->setEnabled(0);ui->sndbtn->setEnabled(1);ui->msgedit->setEnabled(1);ui->disconbtn->setEnabled(1);}//读取服务器发送信息
void Widget::readyread_slot()
{//读取信息QByteArray msg = client->readAll();//将读取的信息发送到信息框内ui->listWidget->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));
}//发送按钮对应槽函数
void Widget::sndbtn_slot()
{//读取ui界面发送框内信息QString msg = ui->msgedit->text();msg = username + " : " + msg;//将数据发送给服务器client->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());
}//断开连接按钮对应槽函数
void Widget::disconbtn_slot()
{//准备发送离开信息QString msg = username + " : 离开聊天室";client->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());//断开连接client->disconnectFromHost();
}//断开连接信号槽函数
void Widget::disconnect_slot()
{QMessageBox::information(this,"断开连接","成功退出聊天室");//设置按钮与编辑框可用ui->usernameedit->setEnabled(1);ui->IPedit->setEnabled(1);ui->portedit->setEnabled(1);ui->connectbtn->setEnabled(1);ui->disconbtn->setEnabled(0);ui->sndbtn->setEnabled(0);ui->msgedit->setEnabled(0);
}

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