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[Java]_[初级]_[使用SAX流的方式写入XML文件]

news 2025/6/30 5:45:00

场景

文件的写入目前没有发现可以增量写入的，只能是完全重新写入。对于大量数据需要写入XML文件，还是和读XML文件一样，不需要生成DOM模型能节省不少的内存和指令。

说明

在java标准库里，也是有相关的SAX类来写入数据流，StreamResult(OutputStream)负责把数据写入输出流。

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(file);
StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(fo);

之后创建一个TransformerHandler来负责绑定StreamResult并开始写入元素名称，元素值，属性值，子元素等。
Handler还可以设置输出是否带缩进，输出的编码格式。

例子

这里例子是生成sitemap.xml文件，这里的Sitemap是Map对象。SitemapReader是

SitemapWriter


import Sitemap;
import StringUtils;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;public class SitemapWriter {public boolean writeToFile(File file, List<Sitemap> sitemaps){SAXTransformerFactory factory = (SAXTransformerFactory) SAXTransformerFactory.newInstance();URL resource = this.getClass().getResource("/");String path = resource.getPath();boolean result = false;try(FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(file);) {TransformerHandler handler = factory.newTransformerHandler();Transformer transformer = handler.getTransformer();transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(fo);handler.setResult(streamResult);handler.startDocument();AttributesImpl attributes = new AttributesImpl();attributes.addAttribute("","","xmlns","","http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9");attributes.addAttribute("","","xmlns:xhtml","","http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml");handler.startElement("", "", "urlset", attributes);attributes.clear();// urlfor (int i = 0; i < sitemaps.size(); i++) {Sitemap one = sitemaps.get(i);handler.startElement("","","url",null);handler.startElement("","","loc",null);String loc = StringUtils.nullToEmpty(one.getStr("loc"));handler.characters(loc.toCharArray(), 0, loc.length());handler.endElement("","","loc");handler.startElement("","","priority",null);String priority = StringUtils.nullToEmpty(one.getStr("priority"));handler.characters(priority.toCharArray(), 0, priority.length());handler.endElement("","","priority");handler.startElement("","","lastmod",null);String lastmod = StringUtils.nullToEmpty(one.getStr("lastmod"));handler.characters(lastmod.toCharArray(), 0, lastmod.length());handler.endElement("","","lastmod");handler.startElement("","","changefreq",null);String changefreq = StringUtils.nullToEmpty(one.getStr("changefreq"));handler.characters(changefreq.toCharArray(), 0, changefreq.length());handler.endElement("","","changefreq");handler.endElement("","","url");}handler.endElement("","","urlset");handler.endDocument();result = true;} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (SAXException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return result;}
}

TestSitemapWriter

import Sitemap;
import SitemapReader;
import SitemapWriter;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class TestSitemapWriter {@Testpublic void testSitemapWriter(){SAXTransformerFactory factory = (SAXTransformerFactory) SAXTransformerFactory.newInstance();URL resource = this.getClass().getResource("/");String path = resource.getPath();File file = new File(path+"..\\..\\..\\..\\doc\\tests\\xml\\sitemap.xml");SitemapReader sr = new SitemapReader();if(sr.readAll(file)){List<Sitemap> sitemaps = sr.getSitemaps();file = new File(path+"\\sitemap.xml");SitemapWriter writer = new SitemapWriter();writer.writeToFile(file,sitemaps);}}
}