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SpringBoot 整合 RabbitMQ

news 2025/7/8 2:47:49

1. 创建 SpringBoot 工程

把版本改为 2.7.14

引入这两个依赖:

		<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency>

配置 application.yml文件

2. 编写代码

生产者 :

Config 类 : RabbitMQConfig

package com.lqf.rabbitmq.springbootrabbitmq.config;import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";//1.交换机@Bean("bootExchange")public Exchange bootExchange(){return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();}//2.Queue 队列@Bean("bootQueue")public Queue bootQueue(){return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();}//3. 队列和交互机绑定关系 Binding/*1. 知道哪个队列2. 知道哪个交换机3. routing key*/@Beanpublic Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();}}

测试类: RabbitMQConfigTests

package com.lqf.rabbitmq.springbootrabbitmq;import com.lqf.rabbitmq.springbootrabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class RabbitMQConfigTests {//1.注入RabbitTemplate@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void testSend(){rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME,"boot.haha","boot mq hello~~~");}
}

结果

当我们启动测试类之后就可以发现我们的 rabbitmq 界面里的 Exchange 里多了一个

Queue 中多了一个消息:

消费者:

消费者的创建与生产者一样

Component 类 :

package com.example.rabbitmq;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class RabbitMQListener {@RabbitListener(queues = "boot_queue")public void ListenerQueue(Message message) {System.out.println("Message : ");System.out.println(message);}
}