当前位置：首页 > news >正文

Python tkinter Notebook标签添加关闭按钮元素，及左侧添加存储状态提示图标案例，类似Notepad++页面

news 2025/6/25 5:47:40

效果图展示

图片展示
粉色框是当前页面，橙色框是鼠标经过，红色框是按下按钮，灰色按钮是其他页面的效果；
存储标识可以用来识别页面是否存储：例如当前页面已经保存用蓝色，未保存用红色，其他页面已经保存用灰色，未保存用淡红色。

首先导入模块

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

定义一个名为CustomNotebook的类，继承自ttk.Notebook

class CustomNotebook(ttk.Notebook):"""定义一个名为CustomNotebook的类，继承自ttk.Notebook"""__initialized = False  # 初始化一个私有变量，用于标记是否已经初始化def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):# 如果尚未初始化，则调用自定义初始化方法，并设置已初始化标志if not self.__initialized:self.__initialize_custom_style()#CustomNotebook.__initialized = Trueself.__inititialized = True# 设置notebook的样式为"CustomNotebook"kwargs["style"] = "CustomNotebook"# 调用父类的初始化方法ttk.Notebook.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)self._active = None # 初始化一个私有变量，用于存储当前活动的tab# 绑定鼠标左键按下事件到on_close_press方法self.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.on_close_press, True)# 绑定鼠标左键释放事件到on_close_release方法self.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.on_close_release)def on_close_press(self, event):"""当按钮被按下时触发，位于关闭按钮上方"""# 获取鼠标点击位置的元素element = self.identify(event.x, event.y)# 如果元素包含"close"，则执行以下操作if "close" in element:# 获取鼠标点击位置的索引值index = self.index("@%d,%d" % (event.x, event.y))# 将按钮状态设置为按下self.state(['pressed'])# 将_active属性设置为点击的索引值self._active = indexdef on_close_release(self, event):""" 当鼠标在关闭按钮上释放时调用此方法。event:  包含鼠标事件信息的对象。"""if not self.instate(['pressed']): # 如果按钮没有按下状态，直接返回returntry:element =  self.identify(event.x, event.y) # 获取鼠标释放位置的元素index = self.index("@%d,%d" % (event.x, event.y)) # 获取元素在列表中的索引if "close" in element and self._active == index: # 如果元素是关闭按钮，并且当前激活的标签页与释放位置的标签页相同self.forget(index)  # 删除该标签页self.event_generate("<<NotebookTabClosed>>") # 生成一个表示标签页关闭的事件except: passself.state(["!pressed"]) # 将按钮状态设置为非按下状态self._active = None # 将当前激活的标签页设置为Nonedef __initialize_custom_style(self):# 创建一个ttk样式对象style = ttk.Style()# 定义四个图片对象，分别表示关闭按钮的不同状态self.images = (# 元素普通状态时图标tk.PhotoImage("img_closenormal", data='''R0lGODdhCwALAIMAAJKSkpeXl5ubm5+fn6CgoKampqqqqq2trbGxsba2tr29vcHBwdnZ2QAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAACwALAAAIXQAXJEBwwEDBAgUGHEigYOCBhwYMEBCAIAEDBgYQXhwg4ACCiwwKgOQIEeRGjgUKGgBJYABKgyYZuBRAQORFmwwEBBhgE6FNAQAEDCBAtCVHoAcC6AzANAAAAAYCAgA7'''),# 选中的选项卡的关闭图标tk.PhotoImage("img_closeselected", data='''R0lGODdhCwALAIVUAJ9dcptfe6NfcpthfZ5hfJ9ifp5nfaNjda9lc6Rmea1nfqRpe6Fqfq9ofK1ofqxrfrFndbJqeLJufZ9rgKpngaBqgKtpg6tphK5uhKxvia5xhq91iq1xjK1zj692jLFyg7N1hrJ3i7B2jbF4ja51ka94kq97l698mq9+m7B8mbB/nLCDn6aEoayMprCForGMq7KNq7KPrrOXt7WfwP///wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAACwALAAAIcgBnwFiBwoQJEh0yUGARQ8YLFwRPHLwQwEUMGjQOcsB4YYAKFxhpbMRooYCJFSlCYlTgoAAJFSlMhHTgQEGBDilSqoyggACGEiFFhGxwAINQGiNCgMAIQcADDR48bAjxQUIEBABaGJgwoQKDBQkOCGAREAA7'''),# 鼠标经过时选项卡的关闭图标tk.PhotoImage("img_closeactive", data='''R0lGODdhCwALAIVSAN5IN+lRNeBQP+5bPvtSP+FSQuJXR+VbRu5dQetfRuVbSf9dS/xeTO5iR+hhTOxlTP1wTP1iUP1kUv9lVPxnVv9rVP1pWP9rWv9vXv5/WP54Xf9yYv11YP90ZP99YP94af97bP99bv6BW/6CYv6FYP+BZf6JZv+Eb/6Jav+Oa+eJe/+Bcf+Edf+Hef+KfP+Rd/+WfP+bev+Pgu+Rhv+RhP+ViP+Zjf+hlv+lmv+1rP+/twAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAACwALAAAIcwB13KDhgkWIEB8wRJiBIwcOGzRktFjxwUKBGjh27GABYoNGCQZc2NC4owNJkCsIktRYoYKCDywmkizhQYODDSFWrNyRYsSDCSY1wiBJosGCCxpPvIihMcMAAgwoXOBQAoUJERACzAAAoICAAwkaIAigIiAAOw=='''),# 按下关闭按钮时选项卡的关闭图标tk.PhotoImage("img_closepressed", data='''R0lGODdhCwALAIUAAGsiD20jEHIkEHYlEXsnEX4oEogrE4orFIwsFJEtFJUvFZoxFpwwFp4yF6EzF6YzF642GbU3GbY4Grk5Grk6G7s7G7w6G7w8G8A+HcJAHcVDH8ZEH8dEIMhGIMtJIsxKIs1KIpdxZ8eAbtqIcuKdiQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAACwALAAAIcABDABBA4AACBQscNBARIAGDBxAkVKhwoeIABiRIRJhQIeMFDAUeZCTRMWOGCwYgRBhpMgMGBBEqWBipYcOGDAoolBz5wcOGBRdGchjps0FQEhk6eMgIgoODihgycOgAAoQHDiIsYMBwoeYGDhtGBAQAOw=='''),)# 使用element_create方法创建一个名为"close"的元素，类型为"image"，图像文件名为"img_closenormal"style.element_create("close", "image", "img_closenormal",# 下面设置各状态图标，激活顺序越往后的越要写在前面，比如按下要先鼠标经过激活，按下就要写在鼠标经过前# 当元素处于激活、按下、未禁用状态时，显示"img_closepressed"图片("active", "pressed", "!disabled", "img_closepressed"),# 当元素处于激活且未禁用状态时，显示"img_closeactive"图片("active", "!disabled", "img_closeactive"), # 当选项卡处于选中状态时，显示"img_closeselected"图片("selected", "img_closeselected"), # 设置元素的边框宽度为10像素，无边框；设置元素的粘性属性为空字符串，表示不粘附在其他元素上。border=10, sticky='')'''notebook有如下状态可以设置disabled    禁用状态，该状态下的控件无法接收用户输入。normal      正常状态，该状态下的控件可以接收用户输入。active      激活状态（鼠标经过），该状态下的控件可以接收用户输入，并且会显示特殊效果（如闪烁）。selected    选中状态，该状态下的控件会显示特殊效果（如高亮）。insensitive 不敏感状态，该状态下的控件不会响应用户的键盘操作。focus       聚焦状态，该状态下的控件会显示特殊效果（如边框）。'''# 设置Notebook的样式为"CustomNotebook"，并为"CustomNotebook.client"添加一个样式选项，设置其"sticky"属性为"nswe"style.layout("CustomNotebook", [("CustomNotebook.client", {"sticky": "nswe"})])# 设置CustomNotebook.Tab的布局样式style.layout("CustomNotebook.Tab", [("CustomNotebook.tab", { # 设置 CustomNotebook.tab 的样式"sticky": "nswe", # 设置 tab 的粘性属性为 NSWE，表示在水平方向上可拉伸，垂直方向上可滚动"children": [     # 设置 tab 的子元素("CustomNotebook.padding", { # 设置 CustomNotebook.padding 的样式"side": "top",      # 设置 padding 的侧边距在顶部"sticky": "nswe",   # 设置 padding 的粘性属性为 NSWE"children": [       # 设置 padding 的子元素("CustomNotebook.focus", { # 设置 CustomNotebook.focus 的样式"side": "top",    # 设置 focus 的侧边距在顶部"sticky": "nswe", # 设置 focus 的粘性属性为 NSWE"children": [     # 设置 focus 的子元素# 设置 CustomNotebook.label 的样式("CustomNotebook.label", {"side": "left", "sticky": ''}), # 设置 label 的侧边距在左侧，无粘性# 设置 CustomNotebook.close 的样式("CustomNotebook.close", {"side": "left", "sticky": ''}), # 设置 close 的侧边距在左侧，无粘性]})]})]})])

将定义好的Notebook应用到tk窗口，并添加存储标识，不需要的删除即可

if __name__ == "__main__":root = tk.Tk()notebook = CustomNotebook(width=400, height=400, padding=(2,5,2,2))notebook.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)images = (# 原色tk.PhotoImage('save_original', data = '''R0lGODdhDgAOAIU9ADFjpTFjrTFjtTFrtTljrTlrrcDAwEJzvUpzvUp7vVJ7rVJ7vVqEvWOEvWOMzmuUzmuU1nOUxnOc1nOc3nuUxnucxnul53ut54Slzoylxoyl1oyt1ozGY5StxpS13py13qWtxqW9563G57XO773O78bW78bW987e9zlrvQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAADgAOAAAIjAAzUFhwIIXBgykYgDAQ4cQJFBAjQiThoEOCExdQOJA4kcSBAycsaOSIwkKJASlCkoQ4IYSAFCYsOHDwoOZMBxI+vIxpoWfPCRKC6kxRwqdPoEE9BEhBwqiFoFA3LG26EgUEDUtHiOTAtSuHBxiybvXK1UEFAAhEiKhagUIBCg0ODBBAN4DdAAAIKAgIADs='''),# 黑白tk.PhotoImage('save_gray', data = '''R0lGODdhDgAOAIU9AFxcXF1dXV9fX2JiYmRkZGVlZW1tbW9vb3R0dHZ2dn5+foGBgYeHh46Ojo+Pj5CQkJKSkpaWlpeXl6CgoKGhoaOjo6WlpaioqKmpqa2trbCwsLKysru7u8DAwMLCwsrKys3NzdTU1NXV1dzc3P///wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAADgAOAAAIiwApQEhgoIDBgwUUZOjwYMQIEhAjQgTB4AKCERZIMJA4EYQBAyMmaORIYkKIAQVCkoQogUOAAiImMGDQoOZMBhE2vIw5oWdPCRGC6iwQwqdPoEE1ACgAwuiEoFAvLG26koSDCks/iMTAtSuGBhOybvXKlYEEAAc8eKgqAQIBCAsMDAhAF4BduwIQBAQAOw=='''),# 红色tk.PhotoImage('save_red', data = '''R0lGODdhDgAOAIU9AP/h4f++vv+3t/+2tv+vr/+srP+kpP+iov+dnf+UlP+Skv+Pj/+Li/+Kiv+Hh/+Fhf+Dg/+Cgv95ef94eP90dP9ycv9xcf9wcP9paf9jY/9gYP9YWP9WVv9RUf9PT/tHR/pGRvhERPVBQfM/P/I+PgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAADgAOAAAIiwAhUNjg4YPBgx80LDhQIUAAABAjQiSAoQGHAA4AYJA4kYAHDwEiaOQIIMKAEB9CkoQoAcGIDwIiYMBwoeZMDBMSvIwZoWdPCROC6vwwwKdPoEEVkPhAwGiEoFAbLG26EoCFB0sLiGTAtSuDCxGybvXKFYMEEh0MGKgqgQIIChk8hBhBl4RduyI4BAQAOw=='''),# 淡红色tk.PhotoImage('save_lowred', data = '''R0lGODdhDgAOAIU9AP/w8P/p6f/o6P/h4f/e3v/W1v/U1P/Pz//Gxv/ExP/Bwf+9vf+8vP+5uf+3t/+1tf+0tP+rq/+qqv+mpv+kpP+jo/+iov+bm/+Vlf+Skv+Kiv+IiP+Dg/+Bgft5efp4ePh2dvVzc/NxcfJwcAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAADgAOAAAIiwAhUNjg4YPBgx80LDhQIUAAABAjQiSAoQGHAA4AYJA4kYAHDwEiaOQIIMKAEB9CkoQoAcGIDwIiYMBwoeZMDBMSvIwZoWdPCROC6vwwwKdPoEEVkPhAwGiEoFAbLG26EoCFB0sLiGTAtSuDCxGybvXKFYMEEh0MGKgqgQIIChk8hBhBl4RduyI4BAQAOw=='''),)colour = {"blue":None, "red":None, "violet":None, "orange":None, "green":None}for color in colour.keys():colour[color] = tk.Frame(notebook, background=color) # 新建Frame作为标签内容notebook.add(colour[color], text=color) # 将新建的Frame添加到notebook生成一个标签colour['white'] = tk.Frame(notebook) notebook.add(colour['white'], text='white', image='save_gray' , compound='left') # 新建一个直接带image元素的标签,图标元素位于左侧notebook.insert(3, colour['white'])  #将'white'标签移动到3的位置notebook.select(colour['white'])# 修改标签的image元素notebook.tab(colour['blue']  , image='save_original', compound='left')notebook.tab(colour['red' ]  , image='save_red'     , compound='left')notebook.tab(colour['violet'], image='save_lowred'  , compound='left')root.mainloop()

上面代码中的base64编码的字符串，可以用下面代码获取，要用gif格式文件转换，传入文件路径即可。

from PIL import Image
import base64, io
def bmp_to_base64(img_path):"将gif图片转为base64编码的字符串"# 打开图片img = Image.open(img_path)# 将图片数据转为字节流byte_arr = io.BytesIO()img.save(byte_arr, format='GIF')img_bytes = byte_arr.getvalue()# 将字节流转为base64编码的字符串base64_str = base64.b64encode(img_bytes).decode()return base64_str
print (bmp_to_base64('gif文件路径'))