算法通关村——透彻理解二分查找
1. 循环法
public static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int low, int high, int target) {while (low <= high) {// 这样写主要是避免溢出的情况,以及>>优先级小于+,避免出现死循环int mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);if (arr[mid] == target) {return mid;} else if (arr[mid] < target) {low = mid + 1;} else {high = mid - 1;}}return -1;}
2. 递归
public static int binarySearch1(int[] array, int low, int high, int target) {if (low < high) {int mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);if (array[mid] == target) {return mid;} else if (array[mid] > target) {return binarySearch(array, low, mid - 1, target);} else {return binarySearch(array, mid + 1, high, target);}}return -1;}
3. 元素中有重复的二分查找
假设现在有个数组里面有重复元素,并且按照增序排列,如果有相同元素,返回最左侧的第一个重复元素的位置。
核心思路也是比较简单了,当找到第一个重复的元素时候,记录位置,然后向左移动,左边的不是目标元素,就意味着左边没有重复的目标元素,然后+1就是目标元素的位置
public static int search(int[] nums, int target) {if (nums == null || nums.length == 0)return -1;int low = 0;int high = nums.length - 1;while (low <= high) {int mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);if (nums[mid] < target) {low = mid + 1;} else if (nums[mid] > target) {high = mid - 1;} else {// 找到了符合目标元素的数据位置,然后一直往左遍历,知道不是目标元素或者索引为0的时候停止while (mid != 0 && nums[mid] == target) {mid--;}if (mid == 0 && nums[mid] == target) {return mid;}return mid + 1;}}return -1;}