python10.4.3
10.4.3重构
错误实例
import jsondef laoyonghu(): #获取老用户名字filename='username.json'with open(filename) as f:username=json.load(f)return usernamedef xinyonghu(): #获取新用户名字filename='username.json'username=input("what's your name:")with open(filename,'w') as f:json.dump(username,f)return usernamedef dazhaohu(): #给新或老用户打招呼username=laoyonghu()if username: #如果有老用户(为真)print(f"welcome {username}.")else:username=xinyonghu()print(f"we'll remember you when you come back, {username}.")dazhaohu()
以上代码的运行顺序,是运行打招呼函数时,先调用老用户函数,再调用新用户函数。如果调用老用户函数时,filename.json文件不存在,则会导致FileNotFoundError程序出错,无法进入else新用户print部分。
为避免出现这种情况,需要在获取老用户的函数中,使用try-except代码块,防止因文件不存在导致错误,表达为except FileNotFoundError后return None,else之后return username。否则运行打招呼函数时,会因为老用户函数中的filename不存在而直接导致FileNotFoundError,
修改后:
import jsondef laoyonghu():filename='username.json'try:with open(filename) as f:username=json.load(f)except FileNotFoundError:return Noneelse:return usernamedef xinyonghu():filename='username.json'username=input("what's your name:")with open(filename,'w') as f:json.dump(username,f)return usernamedef dazhaohu():username=laoyonghu()if username:print(f"welcome {username}.")else:username=xinyonghu()print(f"we'll remember you when you come back, {username}.")dazhaohu()