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SpringBoot使用MyBatis Plus + 自动更新数据表

news 2025/7/27 23:53:11

1、Mybatis Plus介绍

Mybatis，用过的都知道，这里不介绍，mybatis plus只是在mybatis原来的基础上做了些改进，增强了些功能，增强的功能主要为增加更多常用接口方法调用，减少xml内sql语句编写，也可以自定义接口，简单的查询、新增和删除只需调用内置接口方法即可，有点类似于springdata jpa的方式。

2、插件引入和启动配置

2.1、pom.xml

<dependencies>
<!-- mybatis-plus插的springboot支持 --><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.5.2</version></dependency><!-- MySql --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.30</version></dependency><!-- 连接池 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.2.15</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

2.2、application.yml配置

server:port: 8080
spring:application:name: mybatisPlusdatasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatistest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=falseusername: liuliupassword: 123456
mybatis:database:type: mysql
mybatis-plus:mapper-locations: classpath*:mapper/*.xml

mapper-locations: 这里配置xxxMapper.xml文件路径的地方，静态目录【resources】下，如果项目简单，不需要用到xml内的查询，这里可以省略掉。

2.3、启动入口配置

package com.liuliu.demo;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
//启动前需扫描dao接口文件所对应的包路径，加入到bean处理，
//这里很重要，否则自定义的查询接口无效
@MapperScan("com.liuliu.demo.mapper")
public class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);}}

3、查询

3.1、创建数据表对象

数据表结构：

CREATE TABLE `tb_user` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`user_name` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',`password` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',`name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'name',`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,`email` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,`demp_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,`md5` char(32) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

CREATE TABLE `demp` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`classname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),UNIQUE KEY `actable_uni_classname` (`classname`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

创建实体类：

@Data
@TableName("tb_user")
public class User {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)private Integer id;private String userName;@TableField(select = false)private String password;private String name;private Integer age;@TableField(value = "email")private String mail;@TableField(exist = false)private String address;@TableField(value = "demp_id")private Integer dempId;private String md5;@TableField(exist = false)private Demp demp;
}

@Data
public class Demp {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)private Integer id;private String classname;
}

创建mapperDao接口

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
}

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DempMapper extends BaseMapper<Demp> {
}

创建service接口

package com.liuliu.demo.service;public interface UserService extends IService<User> {
}

这里只需演示一个表的查询，其它的service就不演示创建了。

3.2、查询数据

先手动创建好数据：
在这里插入图片描述

创建一个实现查询接口service类

package com.liuliu.demo.service.impl;@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserMapper userMapper;public void findUserModule(){//查多条，当没查到时返回[]System.out.println(list(query().ge("id", 2).getWrapper()));//只查一条,当没查到时返回nullSystem.out.println(getOne(query().ge("age", 22).orderByDesc("id").getWrapper().last("limit 1")));}

创建一个controller类

@RestController
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate UserServiceImpl userserviceimpl;@GetMapping("findtest")public long findtestmodule(){userserviceimpl.findUserModule();//作为测试效果，这里不做数据返回了，而是在内部控制台打印return System.currentTimeMillis();}
}

控制台输出的结果：

[User(id=2, userName=李四, password=null, name=lisi, age=22, mail=lisi@aa.com, address=null, dempId=2, md5=null, demp=null), User(id=3, userName=王强, password=null, name=wangqiang, age=35, mail=wang@qq.com, address=null, dempId=1, md5=null, demp=null), User(id=5, userName=川建国, password=null, name=DonaldTrump, age=83, mail=donald@qq.com, address=null, dempId=2, md5=null, demp=null)]
User(id=5, userName=川建国, password=null, name=DonaldTrump, age=83, mail=donald@qq.com, address=null, dempId=2, md5=null, demp=null)

是不是很解单？新增和删除数据方法自己去试试：

this.save(user);
userMapper.deleteById(id);

3.3、关联查询

通过Mybatis plus自带方法来查关联表，暂时好像还不支持，但可以使用xml文件内的sql语法来创建

3.3.1、自定义接口方法

package com.liuliu.demo.mapper;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.liuliu.demo.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.List;@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {User getUserById(Integer id);List<User> getUserAll();
}

3.3.2、创建userMapper.xml

路径：resources/mapper/userMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.liuliu.demo.mapper.UserMapper"><sql id="fieldAll">tb_user.*,demp.id as dempId,demp.classname</sql><resultMap id="userMap" type="com.liuliu.demo.pojo.User"><id property="id" column="id" /><result property="userName" column="user_name" /><result property="name" column="name" /><result property="age" column="age" /><result property="password" column="password" /><result property="mail" column="email" /><result property="dempId" column="demp_id" /><association property="demp" javaType="com.liuliu.demo.pojo.Demp"><result property="id" column="dempId" /><result property="classname" column="classname" /></association></resultMap><select id="getUserById" resultMap="userMap" parameterType="Integer">select <include refid="fieldAll"/> from tb_user join demp on tb_user.demp_id=demp.id where tb_user.id=#{id}</select><select id="getUserAll" resultMap="userMap">select <include refid="fieldAll"/> from tb_user join demp on tb_user.demp_id=demp.id</select>
</mapper>

3.3.3、实现关联查询

UserServiceImpl.java内添加查询方法

public User findByid(Integer id){return userMapper.getUserById(id);
}@Override
public List<User> findUserAll() {return userMapper.getUserAll();
}

控制器内添加查询对接

@GetMapping("/findById")public User findById(@RequestParam(name = "id") Integer id){return userserviceimpl.findByid(id);}@GetMapping("/findUserAll")public List<User> findUserAll(){return userserviceimpl.findUserAll();}

demp表数据：
在这里插入图片描述

访问结果
http://127.0.0.1:8080/findById?id=5
在这里插入图片描述

{"id": 5,"userName": "川建国","password": "fjiewofdsafadfkewok","name": "DonaldTrump","age": 83,"mail": "donald@qq.com","address": null,"dempId": 2,"md5": null,"demp": {"id": 2,"classname": "技术部"}
}

http://127.0.0.1:8080/findUserAll
在这里插入图片描述

[{"id": 1,"userName": "张三","password": "123456","name": "zhangsan","age": 20,"mail": "da@aa.com","address": null,"dempId": 1,"md5": null,"demp": {"id": 1,"classname": "财务部"}},{"id": 2,"userName": "李四","password": "123456","name": "lisi","age": 22,"mail": "lisi@aa.com","address": null,"dempId": 2,"md5": null,"demp": {"id": 2,"classname": "技术部"}},{"id": 3,"userName": "王强","password": "fjeiwofjdksajl","name": "wangqiang","age": 35,"mail": "wang@qq.com","address": null,"dempId": 1,"md5": null,"demp": {"id": 1,"classname": "财务部"}},{"id": 5,"userName": "川建国","password": "fjiewofdsafadfkewok","name": "DonaldTrump","age": 83,"mail": "donald@qq.com","address": null,"dempId": 2,"md5": null,"demp": {"id": 2,"classname": "技术部"}}
]

4、SpringBoot启动时自动更新数据表

自动更新表结构，在团队开发中非常重要，否则在开发管理上很麻烦，并且增加正式环境中的运维难度，每次新增一个表或更改一个表结构，都需要单独在数据库中去操作，这不符合实际开发应用。
Mybatis plus自动更新数据表结构在设置上相比springdata jpa要复杂一些，需要先在pom中引入一个包，然后在yml配置文件中配置相关启动开关，还需在入口处配置实体扫描。

4.1、pom.xml引入相关包

<dependency><groupId>com.gitee.sunchenbin.mybatis.actable</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-enhance-actable</artifactId><version>1.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

4.2、application.yml增加内容

mybatis:table:auto: update  #update: 数据表实体类只要有变动，就会对数据表实施更改操作，包括删除表、新增表、更新表字段等。model:pack: com.liuliu.demo.pojo  #扫描数据实体位置database:type: mysql  #数据库类型
mybatis-plus:
#前部分为自动更新需用到的查询xmlmapper-locations: com/gitee/sunchenbin/mybatis/actable/mapping/*/*.xml,classpath*:mapper/*.xml

4.3、入口启动文件配置

package com.liuliu.demo;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan({"com.gitee.sunchenbin.mybatis.actable.dao.*", "com.liuliu.demo.mapper"})
@ComponentScan({"com.gitee.sunchenbin.mybatis.actable.manager.*", "com.liuliu.demo.*"})
public class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);}
}

注意@ComponentScan，前段是mybatis自带的，没有是会报错的，会报找不到对应的bean，后段是当前项目根目录包，如果不写，会访问不到任何控制器，因为这里的扫描会导致后面的been添加无效。

4.4、数据实体配置

实体类需要添加对应的@注解，否则前面做了那么多，也没有用。
主要有:
@Table
@IsKey
@IsAutoIncrement
@Column
@Unique
@Index

User.java

package com.liuliu.demo.pojo;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import com.gitee.sunchenbin.mybatis.actable.annotation.*;
import lombok.Data;@Data
@TableName("tb_user")
@Table(name = "tb_user")
public class User {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)@IsKey@IsAutoIncrement@Columnprivate Integer id;//这里有个bug说明下，这个length默认是255,设置length时如果不设置type,是无效的，最后查看数据表结果还是255@Column(name = "user_name", length = 32, comment = "用户名称", type = "varchar", isNull = false)private String userName;@TableField(select = false)@Column(name = "password", length = 32, comment = "密码", type = "varchar")private String password;@Column(name = "name", length = 64, comment = "name", type = "varchar")private String name;@Columnprivate Integer age;@TableField(value = "email")@Column(name = "email", length = 32, type = "varchar")private String mail;@TableField(exist = false)private String address;@TableField(value = "demp_id")@Column(name = "demp_id")private Integer dempId;@Column(type = "char", length = 32)private String md5;@TableField(exist = false)private Demp demp;
}

Demp.java

package com.liuliu.demo.pojo;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.gitee.sunchenbin.mybatis.actable.annotation.*;
import lombok.Data;@Data
@Table(name = "demp")
public class Demp {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)@Column@IsAutoIncrement@IsKeyprivate Integer id;@Column(type = "varchar", length = 32, isNull = false)@Uniqueprivate String classname;
}

4.5、重启springboot应用查看效果

重启前先清空数据表

 :: Spring Boot ::       (v2.3.12.RELEASE)2023-07-31 16:49:42.628  INFO 17156 --- [           main] com.liuliu.demo.DemoApplication          : Starting DemoApplication on yonnry with PID 17156 (C:\src\test\mybatisPlusDemo\target\classes started by yongp in C:\src\test\mybatisPlusDemo)
2023-07-31 16:49:42.629  INFO 17156 --- [           main] com.liuliu.demo.DemoApplication          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2023-07-31 16:49:42.669  WARN 17156 --- [kground-preinit] o.s.h.c.j.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder    : For Jackson Kotlin classes support please add "com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-kotlin" to the classpath
2023-07-31 16:49:43.198  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2023-07-31 16:49:43.203  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2023-07-31 16:49:43.203  INFO 17156 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.46]
2023-07-31 16:49:43.241  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2023-07-31 16:49:43.241  INFO 17156 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 575 ms
2023-07-31 16:49:43.422  WARN 17156 --- [           main] c.b.m.core.injector.AbstractMethod       : [com.liuliu.demo.mapper.DempMapper.selectById] Has been loaded by XML or SqlProvider or Mybatis's Annotation, so ignoring this injection for [class com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.injector.methods.SelectById]_ _   |_  _ _|_. ___ _ |    _ 
| | |\/|_)(_| | |_\  |_)||_|_\ /               |         3.5.2 
2023-07-31 16:49:43.742  INFO 17156 --- [           main] c.g.s.m.a.m.handler.StartUpHandlerImpl   : databaseType=mysql，开始执行mysql的处理方法
2023-07-31 16:49:43.749  INFO 17156 --- [           main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-07-31 16:49:43.818  INFO 17156 --- [           main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
file类型的扫描:com.liuliu.demo.pojo
2023-07-31 16:49:43.907  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 开始创建表：tb_user
2023-07-31 16:49:43.958  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 完成创建表：tb_user
2023-07-31 16:49:43.958  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 开始创建表：demp
2023-07-31 16:49:43.973  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 完成创建表：demp
2023-07-31 16:49:43.973  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 开始创建表demp中的唯一约束actable_uni_classname
2023-07-31 16:49:43.982  INFO 17156 --- [           main] s.m.a.m.s.SysMysqlCreateTableManagerImpl : 完成创建表demp中的唯一约束actable_uni_classname
2023-07-31 16:49:44.064  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2023-07-31 16:49:44.100  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.w.s.WelcomePageHandlerMapping    : Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]
2023-07-31 16:49:44.154  INFO 17156 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2023-07-31 16:49:44.159  INFO 17156 --- [           main] com.liuliu.demo.DemoApplication          : Started DemoApplication in 1.738 seconds (JVM running for 2.192)

注意看，已成功启动，console中有提示“完成创建数据表***”，修改表就不演示了，原理是一样的。

5、结束

源码下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/u012029030/88136220
感谢观看，以上是我对springboot总结的经验，如有什么疑问或不同意见，欢迎留言。

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