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第九十六回网络综合示例：获取天气信息

news 2025/8/2 19:47:36

文章目录

概念介绍
使用方法
示例代码

我们在上一章回中介绍了dio库中转换器相关的内容，本章回中将介绍网络综合示例：获取天气信息.闲话休提，让我们一起Talk Flutter吧。

概念介绍

我们在前面章回中介绍了网络操作相关的内容，本章回中将综合利用这些内容实现一个获取天气信息的例子。主要包含dio库的使用、网络操作的封装和JSON数据解析这些内容。在实际项目中这些内容是网络内容中必备的内容，而且它们之间需要相互配合才能完成网络操作。

使用方法

导入dio包，并且对它进行封装，主要是网络请求参数和网络操作的封装；
在天气信息网站注册账号并且获取授权使用API的私钥,我注册的是心知天气；
依据API的操作说明配置与请求相关的参数，比如API的path和请求相关的参数；
依据API返回的内容，创建天气信息model类，为转换JSON数据做准备，可以借助插件完成；
使用Button类Widget,在它的onpress属性中发起获取天气信息的操作，然后通过日志打印出天气信息；

示例代码

///封装DIO网络库
///封装常用的网络参数
class HttpConfig {static const String BASE_URL = "https://api.seniverse.com";static const int TIME_OUT = 15;///对应天气实况// var TIAN_QI_SHI_KUANG = "https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c";static const PATH_TIAN_QI_SHI_KUANG = "/v3/weather/now.json";///对应24小时逐小时天气预报// var HOUR24 = "https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/hourly.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c&start=0&hours=24";static const PATH_HOUR24 = "/v3/weather/hourly.json";///对应未来15天逐日天气预报和和昨日天气，不过免费的key只能获取3天的天气预报// var FORECAST_DAYS = "https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/daily.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c&start=0&days=3";static const PATH_FORECAST_DAYS = "/v3/weather/daily.json";
}class HttpRequest {static final baseOptions = BaseOptions(baseUrl: HttpConfig.BASE_URL,connectTimeout: Duration(seconds: HttpConfig.TIME_OUT),sendTimeout: Duration(seconds: HttpConfig.TIME_OUT),receiveTimeout: Duration(seconds: HttpConfig.TIME_OUT),);static final mdio = Dio(baseOptions);
///把网络操作相关的功能封装成独立的方法，网络操作相关的数据通过url和params参数传递static Future<T> request<T>(String url,{String method='get',required Map<String,dynamic> params,Interceptor? interceptor,}) async {final option = Options(method: method);///添加拦截器Interceptor _interceptor = InterceptorsWrapper(onRequest: (options,handler) {return handler.next(options);},onResponse: (response,handler){print('response: ' + response.toString());return handler.next(response);},onError: (error,handler) {print('response: ' + error.toString());return handler.next(error);},);mdio.interceptors.add(_interceptor);///默认也会抛出异常，这里只用来捕获特定的异常try {Response response = await mdio.request(url, queryParameters: params, options: option);return response.data;}on DioException catch (e) {print(e.toString());return Future.error(e);}}
}///获取天气信息，网络框架使用httpRequest,请求参数使用map添加
_getWeatherInfo() async {var url = HttpConfig.BASE_URL+HttpConfig.PATH_TIAN_QI_SHI_KUANG;Map<String,String> queryParams = {};queryParams['key'] = PrivateKey.key;queryParams['location'] = 'beijing';queryParams['language'] = 'zh-Hans';queryParams['unit'] = 'c';TestRequest _testRequest = TestRequest();_testRequest.addRequestParams('key',PrivateKey.key).addRequestParams('location', 'beijing').addRequestParams('language', 'zh-Hans').addRequestParams('unit', 'c');HttpRequest.request(url, params: queryParams).then((value){debugPrint(XZWeatherBeanEntity.fromJson(value).toString());XZWeatherBeanEntity.fromJson(value).results?.forEach((element) {print("now: ${element.now}");});});
}///获取天气信息，网络框架使用httpRequest,请求参数使用map添加
_getWeatherInfo() async {var url = HttpConfig.BASE_URL+HttpConfig.PATH_TIAN_QI_SHI_KUANG;Map<String,String> queryParams = {};queryParams['key'] = PrivateKey.key;queryParams['location'] = 'beijing';queryParams['language'] = 'zh-Hans';queryParams['unit'] = 'c';TestRequest _testRequest = TestRequest();_testRequest.addRequestParams('key',PrivateKey.key).addRequestParams('location', 'beijing').addRequestParams('language', 'zh-Hans').addRequestParams('unit', 'c');HttpRequest.request(url, params: queryParams).then((value){debugPrint(XZWeatherBeanEntity.fromJson(value).toString());XZWeatherBeanEntity.fromJson(value).results?.forEach((element) {print("now: ${element.now}");});});
}ElevatedButton(onPressed: () {debugPrint('get weather button clicked');_getWeatherInfo();},child: Text('get weather by HttpRequest'),
),