VSCode 工作区配置文件通用模板创建脚本
下面是分别使用 Python 和 Shell（Bash）脚本 自动生成 .vscode 文件夹及其三个核心配置文件（settings.json、tasks.json、launch.json）的完整示例。
你可以选择你熟悉的语言版本来使用，非常适合自动化项目初始化流程。
✅ 自动化目标
生成以下结构：
.vscode/
├── settings.json
├── tasks.json
└── launch.json
适用于 C++ / Qt 项目，基于 VSCode + CMake + Ninja + MinGW/GCC 环境。
🐍 Python 脚本版
import os
import jsonVS_CODE_DIR = ".vscode"CONFIGS = {"settings.json": {"cmake.generator": "Ninja","cmake.configureOnOpen": True,"cmake.buildDirectory": "${workspaceFolder}/build","cmake.clearOutputBeforeBuild": True,"cmake.useCmakeListsTxt": True,"files.exclude": {"**/.git": True,"**/.DS_Store": True,"**/__pycache__": True},"editor.tabSize": 4,"editor.formatOnSave": True},"tasks.json": {"version": "2.0.0","tasks": [{"label": "CMake: Configure","type": "shell","command": "cmake","args": ["-B", "${workspaceFolder}/build", "-G", "Ninja"],"group": {"kind": "build", "isDefault": True},"problemMatcher": ["$cmake"]},{"label": "CMake: Build","type": "shell","command": "cmake","args": ["--build", "${workspaceFolder}/build"],"group": {"kind": "build", "isDefault": True},"problemMatcher": ["$cmake"]},{"label": "CMake: Clean","type": "shell","command": "rm -rf build/*"}]},"launch.json": {"version": "0.2.0","configurations": [{"name": "GDB Debug","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/myapp.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": False,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}","environment": [],"externalConsole": True,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe"}]}
}def create_vscode_config():if not os.path.exists(VS_CODE_DIR):os.makedirs(VS_CODE_DIR)for filename, content in CONFIGS.items():path = os.path.join(VS_CODE_DIR, filename)with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:json.dump(content, f, indent=4)print(f"✅ 已创建 {path}")if __name__ == "__main__":create_vscode_config()
💡 使用方法：
- 将上述代码保存为
generate_vscode.py - 在你的项目根目录下运行：
python generate_vscode.py
🐚 Shell（Bash）脚本版（适用于 Linux/macOS/WSL）
#!/bin/bashVS_CODE_DIR=".vscode"mkdir -p "$VS_CODE_DIR"# settings.json
cat > "$VS_CODE_DIR/settings.json" << EOL
{"cmake.generator": "Ninja","cmake.configureOnOpen": true,"cmake.buildDirectory": "\${workspaceFolder}/build","cmake.clearOutputBeforeBuild": true,"cmake.useCmakeListsTxt": true,"files.exclude": {"**/.git": true,"**/.DS_Store": true,"**/__pycache__": true},"editor.tabSize": 4,"editor.formatOnSave": true
}
EOL# tasks.json
cat > "$VS_CODE_DIR/tasks.json" << EOL
{"version": "2.0.0","tasks": [{"label": "CMake: Configure","type": "shell","command": "cmake","args": ["-B", "\${workspaceFolder}/build", "-G", "Ninja"],"group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true },"problemMatcher": ["\$cmake"]},{"label": "CMake: Build","type": "shell","command": "cmake","args": ["--build", "\${workspaceFolder}/build"],"group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true },"problemMatcher": ["\$cmake"]},{"label": "CMake: Clean","type": "shell","command": "rm -rf build/*"}]
}
EOL# launch.json
cat > "$VS_CODE_DIR/launch.json" << EOL
{"version": "0.2.0","configurations": [{"name": "GDB Debug","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "\${workspaceFolder}/build/myapp.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "\${workspaceFolder}","environment": [],"externalConsole": true,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:\\\\msys64\\\\mingw64\\\\bin\\\\gdb.exe"}]
}
EOLecho "✅ .vscode 配置已生成在当前目录"
💡 使用方法：
- 将上面内容保存为
generate_vscode.sh - 赋予执行权限并运行：
chmod +x generate_vscode.sh ./generate_vscode.sh
📝 注意事项
- 如果你用的是 Windows 并且使用 CMD 或 PowerShell，建议用 Python 版；
miDebuggerPath需要根据你本地的 GDB 安装路径修改；- 如果你使用 MSVC 编译器，需要将
launch.json中的调试器类型改为Windows Debugger； - 你可以将这个脚本集成到项目模板中，或添加到 CI/CD 初始化流程中。