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c# Excel数据的导出与导入

news 2025/7/20 17:07:47

搬运:Datagrideview 数据导出Excel  , Exel数据导入

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// All Rights Reserved , Copyright (C) 2013 , DZD , Ltd .
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.Util;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;namespace LineSet
{/// <summary>/// Excel操作类，这里的NPOI使用的是2.0.1 (beta1)版本的////// 修改纪录//////		2013-10-25 版本：1.0 yanghenglian 创建主键，注意命名空间的排序。///		2013-11-01 版本：1.0 yanghenglian 添加了支持B/S的导出和导入以及C/S的导出和导入功能，代码感觉可以在优化，开心。///		2014-01-16 版本：1.0 yanghenglian 添加了支持xlsxExcel文件读取判断/// /// 版本：1.0////// <author>///		<name>yanghenglian</name>///		<date>2013-11-01</date>/// </author>/// </summary>public class ExcelHelper{private static HSSFWorkbook _hssfworkbook;public static string EroMsg = "";/********************************************************下面的五个是最终版本适合B/S和C/S*****************************************************/#region ExcelToDataTable(string strExcelFileName, string strSheetName) Excel转换成DataTable--B/S和C/S都可以使用/// <summary>/// Excel转换成DataTable/// </summary>/// <param name="strExcelFileName">文件路径</param>/// <param name="strSheetName">Excel中对应的sheet表单名称,如:sheet1,sheet2</param>/// <returns>数据集</returns>[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Security", "CA2100:检查 SQL 查询是否存在安全漏洞")]public static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string strExcelFileName, string strSheetName){string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + strExcelFileName + ";" +"Extended Properties=Excel 5.0;";string strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", strSheetName);DataSet ds = new DataSet();using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn)){conn.Open();OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);adapter.Fill(ds, strSheetName);conn.Close();return ds.Tables[strSheetName];}}#endregion#region DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string strFileName, int sheetIndex = 0) 根据索引读取Sheet表数据，默认读取第一个sheet--B/S和C/S都可以使用/// <summary>读取excel/// 根据索引读取Sheet表数据，默认读取第一个sheet/// </summary>/// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param>/// <param name="sheetIndex">sheet表的索引，从0开始</param>/// <returns>数据集</returns>public static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string strFileName, int sheetIndex = 0){DataTable dt = new DataTable();HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = null;XSSFWorkbook xssfworkbook = null;string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(strFileName);//获取文件的后缀名try{using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)){if (fileExt.ToLower() == ".xls")hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);else if (fileExt.ToLower() == ".xlsx")xssfworkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(file);//初始化太慢了，不知道这是什么bug}}catch (Exception ex){EroMsg = ex.Message;return null;}if (hssfworkbook != null){HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(sheetIndex);if (sheet != null){System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.GetRow(0);int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++){HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell)headerRow.GetCell(j);dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());}for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++){HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)sheet.GetRow(i);DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++){if (row.GetCell(j) != null)dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();}dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);}}}else if (xssfworkbook != null){XSSFSheet xSheet = (XSSFSheet)xssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(sheetIndex);if (xSheet != null){System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = xSheet.GetRowEnumerator();XSSFRow headerRow = (XSSFRow)xSheet.GetRow(0);int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++){XSSFCell cell = (XSSFCell)headerRow.GetCell(j);dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());}for (int i = (xSheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= xSheet.LastRowNum; i++){XSSFRow row = (XSSFRow)xSheet.GetRow(i);DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++){if (row.GetCell(j) != null)dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();}dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);}}}return dt;}#endregion#region DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView myDgv, string strHeaderText, string strFileName) DataGridView导出到Excel文件--C/S/// <summary>/// C/S Winform中DataGridView导出数据到Excel/// </summary>/// <param name="myDgv">DataGridView控件名称</param>/// <param name="saveFileName">保存的文件名称，默认没有，调用的时候最好加上，中英文都支持</param>/// <param name="isOpen">导出后是否打开文件和所在文件夹</param>/// <param name="saveFilePath">默认保存在“我的文档”中，可自定义保存的文件夹路径</param>/// <param name="strHeaderText">Excel中第一行的标题文字，默认没有，可以自定义</param>/// <param name="titleNames">Excel中列名的数组，默认绑定GridView的列名</param>public static void DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView myDgv, string saveFileName = null, bool isOpen = false,string saveFilePath = null, string strHeaderText = null, string[] titleNames = null){string na = saveFileName.Split('.')[0];string kzm = saveFileName.Split('.')[1];using (MemoryStream ms = DataGridViewToExcel(myDgv, strHeaderText, titleNames)){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(saveFileName)) //文件名为空{saveFileName = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();}if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(saveFilePath) || !System.IO.Directory.Exists(saveFilePath)) //保存路径为空或者不存在{saveFilePath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments); //默认在文档文件夹中}string saveFullPath = saveFilePath + "\\" + saveFileName;//if (System.IO.File.Exists(saveFullPath)) //验证文件重复性//{//    saveFullPath = saveFilePath + "\\" + na +DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").Replace(":", "-").Replace(" ", "-") +"."+ kzm;//}using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(saveFullPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)){byte[] data = ms.ToArray();fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);fs.Flush();}if (isOpen){Process.Start(saveFullPath); //打开文件Process.Start(saveFilePath); //打开文件夹}}}#endregion/********************************************************分割线往下方法不用与导入导出*********************************************************/#region DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView myDgv, string strHeaderText) DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream/// <summary>/// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream/// </summary>/// <param name="myDgv">DataGridView控件名称</param>/// <param name="strHeaderText">第一行标题头</param>/// <param name="titleNames">列名称数组</param>/// <returns>内存流</returns>private static MemoryStream DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView myDgv, string strHeaderText = null,string[] titleNames = null){HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet();#region 右击文件 属性信息{DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();dsi.Company = "NPOI";workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息si.Subject = "主题信息"; //填加文件主题信息si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now;workbook.SummaryInformation = si;}#endregionHSSFCellStyle dateStyle = (HSSFCellStyle)workbook.CreateCellStyle();HSSFDataFormat format = (HSSFDataFormat)workbook.CreateDataFormat();dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");//取得列宽int id = 0;foreach (DataGridViewColumn item in myDgv.Columns){if (item.Visible == true){id++;}}int[] arrColWidth = new int[id];id = 0;foreach (DataGridViewColumn item in myDgv.Columns){if (item.Visible == true){arrColWidth[id] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.HeaderText).Length;id++;}}for (int i = 0; i < myDgv.Rows.Count; i++){id = 0;for (int j = 0; j < myDgv.Columns.Count; j++){if (myDgv.Columns[j].Visible == true){int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(myDgv.Rows[i].Cells[j].ToString()).Length;if (intTemp > arrColWidth[id]){arrColWidth[id] = intTemp;}id++;}}}int rowIndex = 0;foreach (DataGridViewRow row in myDgv.Rows){#region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0){if (rowIndex != 0){sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet();}#region 表头及样式{if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strHeaderText)){HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(0);headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);HSSFCellStyle headStyle = (HSSFCellStyle)workbook.CreateCellStyle();//  headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;HSSFFont font = (HSSFFont)workbook.CreateFont();font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;font.IsBold = true;font.FontName = "宋体";headStyle.SetFont(font);headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;// sheet.AddMergedRegion(new Region(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));//headerRow.Dispose();rowIndex++;}}#endregion#region 列头及样式{HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);HSSFCellStyle headStyle = (HSSFCellStyle)workbook.CreateCellStyle();// headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;HSSFFont font = (HSSFFont)workbook.CreateFont();font.FontHeightInPoints = 14;font.IsBold = true;font.FontName = "宋体";headStyle.SetFont(font);if (titleNames != null){if (titleNames.Length > 0){for (int i = 0; i < titleNames.Length; i++){headerRow.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(titleNames[i]);headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headStyle;//设置列宽sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, (arrColWidth[i] + 1) * 100);}}}else{id = 0;foreach (DataGridViewColumn column in myDgv.Columns){if (column.Visible){headerRow.CreateCell(id).SetCellValue(column.HeaderText);headerRow.GetCell(id).CellStyle = headStyle;//设置列宽sheet.SetColumnWidth(id, (arrColWidth[id] + 1) * 100);id++;}}}rowIndex++;// headerRow.Dispose();}#endregion}#endregion#region 填充内容HSSFRow dataRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);if (row.Index >= 0){bool rel = false;id = 0;foreach (DataGridViewColumn column in myDgv.Columns){if (column.Visible){HSSFCell newCell = (HSSFCell)dataRow.CreateCell(id);string drValue = "";if (myDgv.Rows[row.Index].Cells[column.Index].Value != null){drValue = myDgv.Rows[row.Index].Cells[column.Index].Value.ToString();}string type = "System.String";if (column.ValueType != null){type = column.ValueType.ToString();}switch (type){case "System.String": //字符串类型newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);break;case "System.DateTime": //日期类型System.DateTime dateV;rel = System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);if (rel){newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);}else{newCell.SetCellValue("");}newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle; //格式化显示break;case "System.Boolean": //布尔型bool boolV = false;rel = bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);if (rel){newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);}else{newCell.SetCellValue("");}break;case "System.Int16": //整型case "System.Int32":case "System.Int64":case "System.Byte":int intV = 0;rel = int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);if (rel){newCell.SetCellValue(intV);}else{newCell.SetCellValue("");}break;case "System.Decimal": //浮点型case "System.Double":double doubV = 0;rel = double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);if (rel){newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);}else{newCell.SetCellValue("");}break;case "System.DBNull": //空值处理newCell.SetCellValue("");break;default:newCell.SetCellValue("");break;}id++;}}}else{rowIndex--;}#endregionrowIndex++;}using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()){workbook.Write(ms);ms.Flush();ms.Position = 0;//    sheet.Dispose();//workbook.Dispose();//一般只用写这一个就OK了，他会遍历并释放所有资源，但当前版本有问题所以只释放sheetreturn ms;}}#endregion#region GetExcelStream() 工作簿中的数据流写入到根目录/// <summary>/// 写入到内存流中/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>private static MemoryStream GetExcelStream(){//Write the stream data of workbook to the root directory--工作簿中的数据流写入到根目录MemoryStream file = new MemoryStream();_hssfworkbook.Write(file);return file;}#endregion#region GenerateData(DataTable sourceDt, string[] titleNames, string strHeadName, string sheetName = "Sheet1") 构建数据集，每一个Sheet表/// <summary>/// 构建数据集，每一个Sheet表/// </summary>/// <param name="sourceDt">数据源</param>/// <param name="titleNames">列名</param>/// <param name="strHeadName">第一行显示标题</param>/// <param name="sheetName">需要创建的表的名称，默认是Sheet1</param>/// <param name="isOpen">是否打开文件</param>private static void GenerateData(DataTable sourceDt, string[] titleNames, string strHeadName,string sheetName = "Sheet1"){ISheet sheet1 = _hssfworkbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);int rowIndex = 0;if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strHeadName)) //头部大标题{sheet1.CreateRow(rowIndex).CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeadName);rowIndex++;}IRow rowSecond = sheet1.CreateRow(rowIndex);if (titleNames != null) //构建自定义列标题{if (titleNames.Length > 0){for (int k = 0; k < titleNames.Length; k++){var cell = rowSecond.CreateCell(k);cell.SetCellValue(titleNames[k]);cell.CellStyle = Getcellstyle(_hssfworkbook, stylexls.头);}rowIndex++;}}else //构建DataTable的列标题{if (sourceDt.Columns.Count > 0){for (int i = 0; i < sourceDt.Columns.Count; i++){var cell = rowSecond.CreateCell(i);cell.SetCellValue(sourceDt.Columns[i].ColumnName);cell.CellStyle = Getcellstyle(_hssfworkbook, stylexls.头);}rowIndex++;}}if (sourceDt != null && sourceDt.Rows.Count > 0){for (int i = 0; i < sourceDt.Rows.Count; i++){IRow row = sheet1.CreateRow(rowIndex++);for (int j = 0; j < sourceDt.Columns.Count; j++){row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(sourceDt.Rows[i][j].ToString());}}}}#endregion#region InitializeWorkbook() 导出文件的属性详细信息/// <summary>/// 导出文件的属性详细信息/// </summary>private static void InitializeWorkbook(){_hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook();#region 右击文件 属性信息{DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();dsi.Company = "DZD";_hssfworkbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息si.Subject = "主题信息"; //填加文件主题信息si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;_hssfworkbook.SummaryInformation = si;}#endregion}#endregion#region 定义单元格常用到样式private static ICellStyle Getcellstyle(IWorkbook wb, stylexls str){ICellStyle cellStyle = wb.CreateCellStyle();//定义几种字体  //也可以一种字体，写一些公共属性，然后在下面需要时加特殊的  IFont font12 = wb.CreateFont();font12.FontHeightInPoints = 14;font12.FontName = "宋体";IFont font = wb.CreateFont();font.FontName = "宋体";//font.Underline = 1;下划线  IFont fontcolorblue = wb.CreateFont();fontcolorblue.Color = HSSFColor.OliveGreen.Blue.Index;fontcolorblue.IsItalic = true; //下划线  fontcolorblue.FontName = "宋体";//边框  cellStyle.BorderBottom = NPOI.SS.UserModel.BorderStyle.Dotted;cellStyle.BorderLeft = NPOI.SS.UserModel.BorderStyle.Hair;cellStyle.BorderRight = NPOI.SS.UserModel.BorderStyle.Hair;cellStyle.BorderTop = NPOI.SS.UserModel.BorderStyle.Dotted;//边框颜色  cellStyle.BottomBorderColor = HSSFColor.OliveGreen.Blue.Index;cellStyle.TopBorderColor = HSSFColor.OliveGreen.Blue.Index;//背景图形，我没有用到过。感觉很丑  //   cellStyle.FillBackgroundColor = HSSFColor.OLIVE_GREEN.GREEN.index;//cellStyle.FillForegroundColor = HSSFColor.OLIVE_GREEN.BLUE.index;  // cellStyle.FillForegroundColor = HSSFColor.WHITE.index;// cellStyle.FillPattern = FillPatternType.NO_FILL;  cellStyle.FillBackgroundColor = HSSFColor.Maroon.Index;//水平对齐  cellStyle.Alignment = NPOI.SS.UserModel.HorizontalAlignment.Left;//垂直对齐  cellStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;//自动换行  // cellStyle.WrapText = true;//缩进;当设置为1时，前面留的空白太大了。希旺官网改进。或者是我设置的不对  cellStyle.Indention = 0;//上面基本都是设共公的设置  //下面列出了常用的字段类型  switch (str){case stylexls.头:// cellStyle.FillPattern = FillPatternType.LEAST_DOTS;  cellStyle.SetFont(font12);break;case stylexls.时间:IDataFormat datastyle = wb.CreateDataFormat();cellStyle.DataFormat = datastyle.GetFormat("yyyy/mm/dd");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.数字:cellStyle.DataFormat = HSSFDataFormat.GetBuiltinFormat("0.00");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.钱:IDataFormat format = wb.CreateDataFormat();cellStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("￥#,##0");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.url:fontcolorblue.Underline = FontUnderlineType.Single;cellStyle.SetFont(fontcolorblue);break;case stylexls.百分比:cellStyle.DataFormat = HSSFDataFormat.GetBuiltinFormat("0.00%");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.中文大写:IDataFormat format1 = wb.CreateDataFormat();cellStyle.DataFormat = format1.GetFormat("[DbNum2][$-804]0");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.科学计数法:cellStyle.DataFormat = HSSFDataFormat.GetBuiltinFormat("0.00E+00");cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;case stylexls.默认:cellStyle.SetFont(font);break;}return cellStyle;}#endregion#region 定义单元格常用到样式的枚举public enum stylexls{头,url,时间,数字,钱,百分比,中文大写,科学计数法,默认}#endregion}
}

使用的Npoi  

需要引用相关的dll文件

使用方法

导出:

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){DgvToExcel(dgv_1);}private void DgvToExcel(DataGridView dgv){if (dgv.Rows.Count == 0){MessageBox.Show("无可导出信息!");return;}SaveFileDialog ofd = new SaveFileDialog();//;*.xlsx//打开的文件选择对话框上的标题ofd.Title = "请选择文件";//设置文件类型ofd.Filter = "Excel (*.xls)|*.xls";//设置默认文件类型显示顺序ofd.FilterIndex = 1;//保存对话框是否记忆上次打开的目录ofd.RestoreDirectory = true;if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string localFilePath = ofd.FileName.ToString();string filePath = localFilePath.Substring(0, localFilePath.LastIndexOf("\\"));string fileName = localFilePath.Substring(localFilePath.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1);try{ExcelHelper.DataGridViewToExcel(dgv, fileName, false, filePath, null, null);MessageBox.Show("导出完毕！");}catch (Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(@"导出失败！" + ex.ToString());}}}

导入:

  private void bt_InDate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();openFileDialog.Filter = "数据文件(CSV,xls,xlsx)  |*.CSV;*.xls;*.xlsx";openFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;openFileDialog.FilterIndex = 1;openFileDialog.Multiselect = false;if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string kzm = openFileDialog.SafeFileName.Split('.')[1].ToLower();if (kzm == "csv"){CsvHelp csv = new CsvHelp();DataTable dt = csv.CSV2DataTable(openFileDialog.FileName, false);Dgv_2.DataSource = null;Dgv_2.DataSource = dt;}else if (kzm == "xls" || kzm == "xlsx"){DataTable dt = ExcelHelper.ExcelToDataTable(openFileDialog.FileName);if (dt == null){Form1.mt.Show(ExcelHelper.EroMsg, true);return;}Dgv_2.DataSource = null;Dgv_2.DataSource = dt;}
}

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