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Design Theory and Method of Complex Products: A Review

article 2025/8/7 14:02:43

abstract 摘要

Design is a high-level and complex thinking activity of human beings, using existing knowledge and technology to solve problems and create new things. With the rise and development of intelligent manufacturing, design has increasingly reflected its importance in the product life cycle. Firstly, the concept and connotation of complex product design is expounded systematically, and the different types of design are discussed. The four schools of design theory are introduced, including universal design, axiomatic design, TRIZ and general design. Then the research status of complex product design is analyzed, such as innovative design, digital design, modular design, reliability optimization design, etc. Finally, three key scientific issues worthy of research in the future are indicated, and five research trends of “newer, better, smarter, faster, and greener” are summarized, aiming to provide references for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.

设计是人类利用现有知识与技术解决问题并创造新事物的高级复杂思维活动。随着智能制造的兴起与发展，设计在产品生命周期中的重要性日益凸显。本文首先系统阐述复杂产品设计的概念与内涵，探讨其不同设计类型；继而介绍通用设计、公理设计、TRIZ 及通用设计理论四大设计理论流派；随后分析复杂产品设计的研究现状，涵盖创新设计、数字设计、模块化设计、可靠性优化设计等方向；最后指出未来值得研究的三大关键科学问题，并总结 “更新、更优、更智、更快、更绿” 五大研究趋势，以期为装备设计制造行业提供参考。

structure 行文结构

introduction 引言

Types of Design 设计类型

Four Schools of Product Design Theory and Method 四大设计理论流派

Universal Design、Axiomatic Design、TRIZ Theory、General Design Theory (GDT)
(通用设计、公理设计、TRIZ 理论、通用设计理论)

Key Technologies for Complex Product Design 复杂产品设计的关键技术

Innovative Design Based on Big Data and Knowledge Engineering
基于大数据与知识工程的创新设计
Digital Design Based on Digital Prototype and Digital Twin
基于数字原型与数字孪生的数字化设计
Customized and Modular Design
制定化和模块化设计
Product Design for Additive Manufacturing
增材制造产品设计
Product Design for Green Manufacturing and Remanufacturing
绿色制造和再制造产品设计
Reliability‑based Design Optimization Technology
基于可靠性的优化设计技术

Key Scientific Issues Worth Studying in the Future 未来值得研究的关键科学问题

(1) Initial Concept Formation, Deduction and Evolution in Product Forward Design
产品正向设计中的初始概念形成与推演进化

(2) Implicit Design Knowledge Acquisition in Intelli gent Design with Big Data
大数据智能设计中的隐性设计知识获取

(3) Trans-scale Material-configuration-functional Cou pling Modeling in 4D Printing Design
以及 4D 打印设计中的跨尺度材料构形 - 功能耦合建模

Research Trends of Complex Product Design Theory and Method 复杂产品设计理论与方法的研究趋势

conclusion 结论

Design is the foundation of manufacturing, and there will be no advanced manufacturing without advanced design. Under the current trend of digitalization, informatization and intelligence of product manufacturing, the strong integration of different disciplines has brought great challenges and opportunities to product design.
The concept and connotation of design have been expounded systematically in this paper, and the different types of design are analyzed. The four schools of design theory such as universal design, axiomatic design, TRIZ and general design have been discussed. The research status of key technologies for complex product design such as innovative design, digital design, modular design and reliability optimization design have been reviewed.
Three key scientific issues worthy of research are discussed, including initial concept formation, deduction and evolution in product forward design, implicit design knowledge acquisition in intelligent design with big data, and trans-scale material configuration-functional coupling modeling in 4D printing design. Five research trends of “newer, bet ter, smarter, faster and greener” are summarized, providing research ideas for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.

设计是制造的根基，没有先进设计便没有先进制造。在当前产品制造数字化、信息化与智能化的趋势下，多学科的深度融合为产品设计带来了巨大挑战与机遇。
本文系统阐述了设计的概念与内涵，分析了不同设计类型，探讨了通用设计、公理设计、TRIZ 及通用设计理论等四大设计理论流派，综述了创新设计、数字设计、模块化设计和可靠性优化设计等复杂产品设计关键技术的研究现状。
文中讨论了三大值得研究的关键科学问题：产品正向设计中的初始概念形成与推演进化、大数据智能设计中的隐性设计知识获取，以及 4D 打印设计中的跨尺度材料构形 - 功能耦合建模。同时总结了 “更新、更优、更智、更快、更绿” 五大研究趋势，为装备设计制造行业提供研究思路。