Mac Python 安装依赖出错 error: externally-managed-environment

Mac Python 使用 ip3 install -r requirements.txt 出错

× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try brew installxyz, where xyz is the package you are trying toinstall.If you wish to install a Python library that isn't in Homebrew,use a virtual environment:python3 -m venv path/to/venvsource path/to/venv/bin/activatepython3 -m pip install xyzIf you wish to install a Python application that isn't in Homebrew,it may be easiest to use 'pipx install xyz', which will manage avirtual environment for you. You can install pipx withbrew install pipxYou may restore the old behavior of pip by passingthe '--break-system-packages' flag to pip, or by adding'break-system-packages = true' to your pip.conf file. The latterwill permanently disable this error.If you disable this error, we STRONGLY recommend that you additionallypass the '--user' flag to pip, or set 'user = true' in your pip.conffile. Failure to do this can result in a broken Homebrew installation.Read more about this behavior here: <https://peps.python.org/pep-0668/>note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.[notice] A new release of pip is available: 24.0 -> 25.1.1
[notice] To update, run: python3.12 -m pip install --upgrade pip

解决方案：

python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate

重新运行 pip3 install -r requirements.txt